不同预处理溶剂对小麦秸秆吸油剂的吸油性能的影响  

Effect of pretreatment conditions on the oil absorption performance of wheat straw oil absorbent

作　　者：申志兵[1] 王顺梅 薛瑜 唐瑞源 张君涛[1] 梁生荣[1] 周妙 SHEN Zhibing;WANG Shunmei;XUE Yu;TANG Ruiyuan;ZHANG Juntao;LIANG Shengrong;ZHOU Miao(Xi’an Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Utilization for High-Carbon Resources,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xi’an Shiyou University,Xi’an 710065,China;Changqing Cementing Company,Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co.,Ltd.,CNPC,Xi’an 710018,China)

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学化学化工学院西安市高碳资源低碳化利用重点实验室,陕西西安710065 [2]中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆固井公司,陕西西安710018

出　　处：《应用化工》2025年第1期152-156,共5页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目(2024JC-YBMS-085);西安石油大学研究生创新与实践能力培养计划立项项目(YCS22214225);西安市科技局高校院所科技人员服务企业项目(24GXFW0072);中国石油科技创新基金项目(2022DQ02-0402)。

摘　　要：通过廉价、可再生的小麦秸秆制备吸油剂时,需要预处理来除去秸秆表面的蜡质和木质素组分,以暴露纤维素的羟基使其充分参与改性反应,达到增强秸秆的亲油疏水的目的。考察了小麦秸秆经氢氧化钠、亚氯酸钠和二者混合溶液等不同预处理溶剂对制得的吸油剂的吸油性能的影响。结果表明,NaOH处理后,制备的吸油剂水接触角可从80°增加到108.5°,油接触角则降为0°,表现出亲油和超疏水性,吸油性能大幅度提高。在此基础上对NaOH处理时间、温度和浓度进行对比,得出在100℃,5%,2 h预处理的效果最佳。The preparation of oil absorbent from cheap and renewable wheat straw requires pretreatment to remove the wax and lignin components on the straw surface,so as to expose the hydroxyl group of cellulose and make it fully participate in the modification reaction,and achieve the purpose of enhancing the oil philophobic and hydrophobic of the straw.The effects of different pretreatment solvents such as sodium hydroxide,sodium chlorite and their mixed solutions on the oil absorption properties of wheat straw were investigated.The results showed that after NaOH treatment,the water contact angle of the prepared oil absorbent increased from 80°to 108.5°,and the oil contact angle decreased to 0°,showing oil philicity and superhydrophobicity,and the oil absorption performance were greatly improved.On this basis,the NaOH treatment time,temperature and concentration were investigated and the optimum conditions was confirmed as follow:5%of NaOH,100℃and 2 h.

关 键 词：小麦秸秆 生物质材料 预处理 吸油剂 

分 类 号：TQ352[化学工程] X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程]