吴晋飞天类型特征及其源流初探  

A Preliminary Study on the Typological Characteristics and Origins of Wu and Jin Flying Apsaras

作　　者：何志国 李文平 He Zhiguo;Li Wenping

机构地区：[1]南通大学艺术学院,江苏南通226019 [2]华东师范大学艺术学院,上海200241 [3]上海博物馆青铜研究部,上海200003

出　　处：《艺术探索》2025年第1期47-55,共9页Arts Exploration

基　　金：2014年度国家社科基金重大项目“中印佛教美术源流研究”(14ZDB058)。

摘　　要：长江中下游地区发现的吴晋飞天是汉地最早的佛教飞天形象,根据姿态差异可分为曲体型、平直型及奔跑型。这三类飞天是在古印度巴尔胡特、桑奇大塔及秣菟罗飞天的基础上加上项光简化而成的。吴晋平直型飞天造型对十六国时期飞天影响较多,曲体型和奔跑型飞天的影响次之。西晋末至十六国时期战乱导致由南向北的移民,为北方尤其是河西地区带来了部分吴晋佛像粉本。The Wu and Jin-dynasty flying apsaras discovered in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River constitute the earliest Buddhist flying apsaras discovered on Han soil,and may be divided into three types based on posture differences:the curved,straight,and running type.These three types of flying apsaras are based on the ones from ancient Bharhut,Sanchi Stupa,and Mathura,India,and are marked by the simplification of the aureole.The straight type exerted a greater influence on flying apsaras of the Sixteen Kingdoms period,and was followed by the emergence of curved and running types.Wars towards the end of the Western Jin Dynasty and during the Sixteen Kingdoms period led to migration movements from south to north,causing some Wu-Jin Buddhist image models to be moved north,especially to the Hexi Corridor.

关 键 词：吴晋飞天 曲体型 平直型 奔跑型 源流 南方移民 

分 类 号：K87[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]