棱果花的花表型性状多样性分析  

Analysis of Flower Phenotypic Diversity of Barthea barthei Germplasm Resources

作　　者：徐斌[1] 陈新宇 廖焕琴 张卫华[1] 杨会肖[1] XU Bin;CHEN Xinyu;LIAO Huanqin;ZHANG Weihua;YANG Huixiao(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture,Protection and Utilization/Guangdong Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510520,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省森林培育与保护利用重点实验室/广东省林业科学研究院,广东广州510520

出　　处：《林业与环境科学》2025年第1期36-42,共7页Forestry and Environmental Science

基　　金：广东省林业科技创新项目(2020KJCX002)。

摘　　要：为了解棱果花Barthea barthei的花表型性状多样性,对我国5个主要天然分布区共99株棱果花种质资源进行花表型变异和群体聚类分析。结果表明,棱果花的花表型性状多样性较为丰富,变异系数为18.58%~41.02%,变异系数最大的为花梗长和短雄蕊花药长,雌蕊花柱变异系数最小,以广西来宾、广东阳春居群的变异系数最大,而广东韶关居群最小。棱果花的花表型变异主要来自居群间,居群内变异不显著。相关性分析显示花的大部分性状之间存在显著的相关性(P<0.05),花萼管长与鄂裂片长、花径、雌蕊花柱长相关性较高,为0.71~0.94。花表型性状可提取3个主成分,累计贡献率达93%,其中花瓣长、花瓣宽、花萼管长、短雄蕊花丝长是表型变异的主要因素。聚类分析将99株棱果花分为7组,除第Ⅴ组外,同一居群的棱果花大部分植株聚在同一组中,说明棱果花的花表型与来源有一定的关系。棱果花的花表型性状遗传多样性较丰富,可为棱果花新品种选育提供基础。To explore the diversity of floral phenotypic traits of Barthea barthei germplasm resources,phenotypic variation and population clustering analysis were conducted on 99 individuals from 5 populations in main natural distribution area.The results showed that the floral phenotypic traits of B.barthei exhibited considerable diversity,with variation coefficients ranging from 18.58%to 41.02%.The greatest variation was observed in the length of the flower stalk and the length of the anther of short stamen,while the smallest variation coefficient was found in the pistil′s style.The populations from Laibin in Guangxi and Yangchun in Guangdong exhibited the highest variation coefficients,whereas the population from Shaoguan in Guangdong was the smallest.The main source of phenotypic variation in B.barthei flowers was between populations,with less noticeable variation within populations.There were high correlations between length of the flower stalk and length of jaw lobes,flower diameter,lentch of pistil′style,which were 0.71 to 0.94(P<0.05).Three principal components were extracted from the floral traits,contributing to a cumulative rate of 93%,with petal length,petal width,sepal tube length,and the length of the filaments of short stamens being the primary factors of phenotypic variation.Cluster analysis divided 99 B.barthei plants into seven groups.Except for GroupⅤ,most of the plants from same populations were distributed in the same groups,indicating a certain relationship between flower phenotype and origin.The genetic diversity of floral phenotypic traits of B.barthei was relatively rich,providing a foundation for the selection and breeding of new varieties.

关 键 词：棱果花 种质资源 花 表型多样性 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S722.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种]