小豆长喙天蛾发育历期和蛹、成虫性别的鉴别方法  

Developmental Duration of Macroglossum stellatarum and Sex Identification Methods of Pupae and Adults

作　　者：江文慧 陈雯 刘中庆[2] 徐蓬军[1] 苏陈禹 王秀芳[1] 任广伟[1] 刘春菊[2] JIANG Wenhui;CHEN Wen;LIU Zhongqing;XU Pengjun;SU Chenyu;WANG Xiufang;REN Guangwei;LIU Chunju(Tobacco Research Institute of CAAS,Qingdao,Shandong 266101,China;Shandong Weifang Tobacco Co.,Ltd.,Weifang,Shandong 261061,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,山东青岛266101 [2]山东潍坊烟草有限公司,山东潍坊261061

出　　处：《林业与环境科学》2025年第1期105-110,共6页Forestry and Environmental Science

基　　金：山东潍坊烟草有限公司科技计划项目(2024-39)。

摘　　要：为明确小豆长喙天蛾Macroglossum stellatarum各时期的形态特征和发育历期,提出快速辨别蛹和成虫性别的方法,研究采用室内饲养观察法记录幼虫各龄历期,并利用体视显微镜拍照,记录小豆长喙天蛾卵、幼虫、蛹、成虫的形态特征。结果表明,小豆长喙天蛾幼虫共5龄,各龄期幼虫历期分别为(1.8±0.4)d、(2.6±0.9)d、(3.0±0.2)d、(3.2±0.3)d和(5.9±0.2)d,幼虫历期共为(16.0±1.0)d,雌蛹历期为(10.6±0.8)d,雄蛹历期为(11.2±1.0)d。小豆长喙天蛾雄蛹仅在第9腹节有一纵裂缝,裂缝两侧各有一个半圆形突起,此处为雄虫的生殖孔;雌蛹第8腹节上有两个较短的纵裂缝,分别是雌虫的生殖孔和产卵孔,两短纵裂缝周围有瘤状突起,较雄蛹突起不明显;成虫触角棒状,黑褐色,在显微镜下雄虫触角前侧面可见一排毛刷状感器,雌虫触角则无。小豆长喙天蛾蛹和成虫存在雌雄二型特征。To clarify the morphological characteristics and developmental duration of each stage of Macroglossum stellatarum,and proposed a method for rapid identification of pupa and adult genders.Through the indoor feeding observation method,the larvae of each instar were recorded,and the morphological characteristics of the eggs,larvae,pupae and adults of M.stellatarum were recorded by using a stereo microscope.The results showed that there were 5 instars in the larvae,the larval duration of each instar was(1.8±0.4)d,(2.6±0.9)d,(3.0±0.2)d,(3.2±0.3)d and(5.9±0.2)d,respectively.The larval duration was(16.0±1.0)d,the female pupal duration was(10.6±0.8)d,and the male pupal duration was(11.2±1.0)d.The male pupae only have a longitudinal crack in the 9th abdominal segment,and there is a semi-circular protrusion on both sides of the crack,which is the reproductive hole of the male.There are two short longitudinal cracks on the 8th abdominal segment of female pupa,which are the reproductive pore and oviposition pore of female.There are tumor-like protrusions around the two short longitudinal cracks,which are less obvious than those of male pupa.The adult antennae are rod-shaped and dark brown.Under the microscope,a row of brush-like sensilla can be seen on the front side of the male antennae,while the female antennae have no brush-like sensilla.The pupae and adults of M.stellatarum have the characteristics of male and female dimorphism.

关 键 词：小豆长喙天蛾 形态学特征 茜草 性别鉴定 

分 类 号：S763.42[农业科学—森林保护学]