石碌含笑苗木的水分生理生态指标特征  

Characteristics of Water Physiological and Ecological of Seedlings of Michelia shiluensis

作　　者：温梦玲 马春花 刘祯 奚如春 邓小梅 WEN Mengling;MA Chunhua;LIU Zhen;XI Ruchun;DENG Xiaomei(College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院/广东省森林植物种质创新与利用重点实验室,广东广州510642

出　　处：《林业与环境科学》2025年第1期119-125,共7页Forestry and Environmental Science

基　　金：自然资源事务专项资金-生态林业建设(省级组织实施)项目(201404116)。

摘　　要：为了明确石碌含笑Michelia shiluensis的水分生理生态指标特征,为石碌含笑园林景观应用提供理论技术支撑,文章以石碌含笑2 a生苗木为材料,测定分析了其形态解剖结构和水分及光合生理参数指标。研究结果表明,石碌含笑叶片上下表皮细胞较小,细胞壁较厚,排列紧密,表皮细胞外层有明显的木质化现象;叶肉组织细胞的细胞壁较厚,观察到木质化现象和许多气腔结构;能够避免强光对叶肉的直接损伤,更加有效利用光能;茎组织解剖结构中木质部观察到导管结构,皮层细胞较大,排列紧密,大的细胞间隙形成气腔结构,具有良好的导管结构和水分调节机制。石碌含笑叶片相对含水率为90.94%、水分饱和亏为9.06%、水分遗留率为23.80%;相对电导率平均为35.42%、PSⅡ最大光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm)为0.75,PSⅡ实际光化学量子产量(Yield)为0.63,净光合速率为(3.04±0.13)μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1);蒸腾速率为(0.43±0.05)μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1);水分利用效率为(7.07±0.30)μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)。由此可知,石碌含笑具有良好的形态解剖结构和较强的光合作用能力,但其叶片失水率较快,保水能力较差,对环境水分条件要求较高。To elucidate the characteristics of the water physiological and ecological indexes of Michelia shiluensis,and provide theoretical and technical support for its application in garden landscape.This paper used 2-year-old seedlings of M.shiluensis as experimental material to measure and analyze their morphological and physiological parameters related to water and photosynthesis.The main research results are as follows:The upper and lower leaves epidermal cells were lesser,their cytoderm was thick and arranged tightly,and an evident woody appearance in the outer layer.The cell walls of the mesophyll cells were thick and present,and woodiness and many air cavities were observed.The lower epidermal cells were very small and had a woody appearance.The leaves of M.shiluensis can use light energy more effectively and avoid direct damage to the mesophyll by strong light.In the anatomical structure of the stem tissue,many vessels were observed in the xylem,the epidermal cells were larger,and they were arranged tightly,with large cell gaps forming air cavities,which had good vessel structures and regulation mechanisms.The relative water content of the leaves was 90.94%,the water deficit was 9.06%,and the water retention rate was 23.80%.The average relative electrical conductivity was 35.42%,the maximum photochemical quantum yield of PSⅡ(Fv/Fm)was 0.75,the actual photochemical quantum yield of PSⅡ(Yield)was 0.63,and the net photosynthesis rate was(3.04±0.13)μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1).The transpiration rate was(0.43±0.05)μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1).The water use efficiency was(7.07±0.30)μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1).The results showed that M.shiluensis has favorable morphological,anatomical structures and strong photosynthesis ability.But its leaf water loss rate is faster,and its water retention ability is worse,so the tree species require higher environmental water conditions.

关 键 词：石碌含笑 解剖结构 水分参数 光合参数 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学]