人形机器人技术与产业发展研究  

Humanoid Robot Technology and Industry Development

作　　者：徐程浩 王耀南[1,2] 莫洋 朱青 Xu Chenghao;Wang Yaonan;Mo Yang;Zhu Qing(College of Electrical and Information Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;National Engineering Research Center of Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology,Changsha 410082,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学电气与信息工程学院,长沙410082 [2]机器人视觉感知与控制技术国家工程研究中心,长沙410082

出　　处：《中国工程科学》2025年第1期150-167,共18页Strategic Study of CAE

基　　金：中国工程院咨询项目“全球未来信息产业发展趋势及我国开辟新领域新赛道战略研究”(2023-XBZD-21);“湖南省人工智能产业创新发展战略研究”(2023-DFZD-61)。

摘　　要：随着人工智能、高端制造、新材料等技术的不断融合与突破,我国人形机器人产业迎来爆发式增长,技术创新和政策支持推动形成了多元化竞争格局,但人形机器人产业发展仍面临核心技术差距大、规模化量产难、商业化落地难等问题。本文在介绍人形机器人主要细分领域与技术前沿的基础上,深入分析了全球人形机器人在政策、技术、产业布局方面的发展现状与趋势,梳理了我国人形机器人技术与产业发展态势,总结了我国人形机器人发展面临的机遇与挑战,从技术创新、定点示范、法律法规完善、政策引导等方面提出了具体发展路径。研究建议,鼓励核心技术突破、强化产业布局、建设人形机器人基础设施、实施示范性工程,推动我国人形机器人产业克服技术难题、完善产业生态、实现大规模量产和商业化落地,提升我国人形机器人产业领域的全球竞争力。With the continuous breakthroughs in technologies such as artificial intelligence,advanced manufacturing,and new materials,China’s humanoid robot industry is experiencing explosive growth.Technological innovation and supportive policies have fostered a diversified and competitive landscape.However,China’s humanoid robot industry still faces significant challenges,including lagging core technologies,high difficulty in mass production,and obstacles to commercialization.This study explores the major subfields and technological frontiers of humanoid robotics,offering an in-depth analysis of global trends in policies,technologies,and industrial development.It examines the current state of humanoid robotics in China and identifies key opportunities and challenges.Furthermore,the study proposes strategic recommendations to address these challenges,focusing on technological innovation,pilot demonstration,improvement in laws and regulations,and policy support.Specifically,the research recommends encouraging breakthroughs in core technologies,strengthening industrial layout,building humanoid robot infrastructure,and implementing demonstrative projects.These efforts aim to help China’s humanoid robot industry overcome technical challenges,improve its industrial ecosystem,and achieve large-scale production and commercialization,thereby enhancing the global competitiveness of the industry.

关 键 词：人形机器人 核心零部件 大模型 具身智能 

分 类 号：TP242.6[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]