装备系统故障归零的一般方法  

General Method for Fault Return-to-Zero of Equipment System

作　　者：樊会涛[1,2] 张同贺 徐琰珂[1] Fan Huitao;Zhang Tonghe;Xu Yanke(China Airborne Missile Academy,Luoyang 471000,Henan,China;National Key Laboratory of Air-based Information Perception and Fusion,Luoyang 471000,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国空空导弹研究院,河南洛阳471000 [2]空基信息感知与融合全国重点实验室,河南洛阳471000

出　　处：《中国工程科学》2025年第1期248-257,共10页Strategic Study of CAE

摘　　要：装备系统研制是不断解决技术问题的过程,故障归零是型号装备研制中的常态化工作;需要吸取问题与故障的经验教训,总结问题与故障带来的启示,提炼故障归零的共性规律与方法,并将相关教训、启示、方法进行传承与共享。本文立足多年从事战术导弹工程研制、较多参与装备故障归零的经验,以故障为核心,追踪故障从出现到解决的全过程,借助方法论的认识与应用,从故障的定义及价值、故障归零的思维方式、故障归零的方法等方面出发,总结了装备系统故障归零的共性规律与一般方法,论述了故障的4个价值、系统思维的4个基本概念、故障排查的4种常用方法。深入阐述了故障定位、故障原因与机理分析、故障复现设计、改进措施验证、举一反三、提炼准则与启示6个故障归零关键环节的具体做法,以期杜绝装备系统研制与使用过程中出现的重复性、简单性、低层次故障,明显减少因认识不足导致的高层次、复杂性问题,且在故障出现后能够高质量、高效率地完成技术归零。The development of equipment system is a continuous process of solving technical problems,and fault return-to-zero is a normalized work in model development.It is necessary to learn from problems and faults and clarify the general laws and methods for fault return-to-zero.This study focuses on faults and tracks the entire process from fault occurrence to fault resolution.It summarizes the common laws of and general methods for fault return-to-zero in model development from the aspects of definition and values of faults,thinking mode of fault return-to-zero,and methods for fault return-to-zero.Moreover,it explores the four values of faults,four basic concepts of system thinking,and four common methods for fault troubleshooting,and elaborates on the six key links of fault return-to-zero:fault location,fault cause and mechanism analysis,fault recurrence design,improvement measure verification,extrapolation,and extraction of guidelines and inspirations.This study aims to prevent repetitive,simple,and low-level faults that might occur during model development and use,significantly reduce high-level and complex problems caused by insufficient understanding,and achieve complete technical return-to-zero with high quality and efficiency when faults occur.

关 键 词：装备系统 故障定位 故障归零 技术归零 战术导弹 系统思维 

分 类 号：U472.32[机械工程—车辆工程]