《愚者主席》中的賓土焦慮及其時代癥候  

Been-to Anxiety and Its Zeitgeist in Chairman of Fools

作　　者：張天任 朱振武 ZHANG Tianren;ZHU Zhenwu(Shanghai Normal University,China)

机构地区：[1]上海師範大學

出　　处：《人文与社科亚太学刊》2024年第4期11-20,共10页Asia-Pacific Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：國家社科基金重大專案“非洲英語文學史”(專案編號:19ZDA296)的階段性成果。

摘　　要：西蒙·奇諾蒂亞是當代津巴布韋傑出的小說家和教育家,也是津巴布韋獨立後最著名的作家之一。“瘋狂”是他在小說《愚者主席》中呈現的重要意象,這種意象既作為文學作品詩性的心靈寫照,也表現出物質世界真實的時代癥候,是津巴布韋特定社會現實下的病態產物。但瘋癲只是軀體表像,結構其人物心緒嬗變的深層誘因則是焦慮,這種焦慮涵蓋階級、性別與信仰,具有複雜且多維度的深刻動因。與此同時,主人公特殊的“賓土流散”身份成為了建構這一焦慮意識的重要因數,使其鐫刻了更具普遍意義的時代底色。對獨立後的津巴布韋來說,賓土焦慮的困境無處不在。因而,理解由這種跨國經驗所導致的複雜焦慮意識,並以此探究其所映射出的時代心理,對拓展非洲流散文學的內涵、觀測21世紀文學的主題轉型具有十分關鍵的意義。Shimmer Chinodya.a prominent contemporary Zimbabwean novelist and educator.is among the most renowned writers since Zimbabwe's independence.In his novel Chairman of Fools madness emerges as a pivotal image that not only serves as a literary device to poetically depict the human mind but also symbolizes the tangible symptoms of societal ills prevalent in Zimbabwe's specific context.This madness is a pathological manifestation of the nation's social reality.However,madness is but a superficial symptom the underlying cause of the characters'psychological transformations is a profound sense of anxiety.This anxiety,which spans across class gender and belief systems,is rooted in intricate and multifaceted motivations.Furthermore,the protagonist's unique status as a member of the"Been-to"diaspora-a term referring to those who have lived abroad and returned-plays a significant role in shaping this anxiety,onferring it with a more universally resonant chord of the contemporary experience.In post-independence Zimbabwe,predicament of"Been-to"anxiety is widespread.Thus,understanding the complex anxieties born out of transnational experiences and employing them to probe the psychology of the times holds great significance for enriching the scope of African diasporic literature and for observing the thematic evolution of Zimbabwean literature in the 21st century.

关 键 词：焦慮 賓土流散 《愚者主席》 西蒙·奇諾蒂亞 津巴布韋文學 

分 类 号：I20[文学—中国文学]