云南松无性系种子园土壤和植株养分的研究  

Soil and Plant Nutrient Content in the Asexual Propagation Seed Orchard of Pinus yunnanensis

作　　者：罗群 谷丽萍 李思广 LUO Qun;GU Liping;LI Siguang(Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland,Kunming Yunnan 650201,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]云南省林业和草原科学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2025年第1期112-119,共8页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：云南省科技厅重点研发项目“主要用材树种种质创制及造林关键技术研究”(202102AE090022)。

摘　　要：为探究种子园的土壤养分特性及其对植株生长的影响,以云南省弥渡县云南松无性系种子园为研究对象,采集0~60 cm土层的土样和植株不同器官(当年幼果、1 a生针叶、雌球花、当年有雌花枝和当年无雌花枝),测定土壤与植株的养分含量,分析养分之间的相关性。结果显示:弥渡县云南松无性系种子园的土壤pH值为5.53~6.48,总体偏酸性;上层土壤(0~20 cm)有机质含量较高(13.3~27.4 g·kg-1),全氮含量(0.074%~0.135%)和全钾含量(0.047%~0.122%)相对较高,而全磷含量(0.046%~0.078%)相对较低。种子和雌球花中的全氮、S、P、K以及多种微量元素含量最高,表明在云南松的生殖生长阶段,对养分的需求旺盛。速效铁与pH值呈极显著负相关,表明随着土壤酸度增加(即pH值降低)速效铁的含量显著增加。有机质与碱解氮、全氮和速效钾均表现出强正相关,说明有机质含量的增加可提高这些养分的循环和供应能力。微量元素Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn和B之间的相关性较高,而K和Ca的供应和利用与其他养分的循环相对独立。研究结果可为云南松无性系种子园的养分管理提供理论依据。Taking the Pinus yunnanensis asexual propagation seed orchard in Midu County,Yunnan Province as the research object,soil index measurement and plant nutrient measurement methods were used to determine the nutrient content of soil and plants,and the correlations between nutrients were analyzed.The results showed that the soil pH value of the P.yunnanensis asexual propagation seed orchard in Midu County ranged from 5.53 to 6.48,which was generally acidic.The organic matter content in the topsoil(0-20 cm)was relatively high(13.3-27.4 g·kg^(-1)),and the total nitrogen content(0.074%-0.135%)and total potassium content(0.047%-0.122%)were relatively high,while the total phosphorus content(0.046%-0.078%)was relatively low.The total nitrogen,sulfur(S),phosphorus(P),potassium(K),and multiple trace element contents in seeds and female cones were the highest,indicating that the demand for nutrients was particularly urgent during the reproductive growth stage of P.yunnanensis.There was a significant negative correlation between available iron and pH value,indicating that the content of available iron increased significantly when the soil acidity increased(i.e.,the pH value decreased).There was a strong positive correlation between organic matter and alkaline nitrogen,total nitrogen,and available potassium,indicating that an increase in organic matter content could improve the cycling and supply capacity of these nutrients.There was a high correlation between trace elements Fe,Zn,Cu,Mn,and B,while the supply and utilization of K and Ca were relatively independent of the cycling of other nutrients.The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the nutrient management of P.yunnanensis asexual propagation seed orchards.

关 键 词：云南松 无性系种子园 土壤养分 植株养分 相关分析 

分 类 号：S791.257[农业科学—林木遗传育种]