自然保护地与社区关系演进研究  

Evolution of the Relationship between Protected Areas and Communities

作　　者：童瑶 薛小杰[1] 徐冬平[1] 刘楠[1] 路秋玲 TONG Yao;XUE Xiaojie;XU Dongping;LIU Nan;LU Qiuling(Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an Shanxi 710048,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2025年第1期144-150,共7页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：国家级软科学项目(自然保护地与社区融合发展研究2023131020);陕西省教育厅重点科学研究计划项目(21JT031);联合基金项目(2021JLM-44)。

摘　　要：回顾中国自然保护地建设历程,以探究自然保护地与社区的关系在各阶段的特征与表现形式,可将管理理念变革和法律体系完善视为二者关系转变的重要节点。以自然保护地相关条例为线索,可剖析自然保护地与社区的关系从“冲突”过渡为“协调”直至达到“融合”等多个阶段的动力因素。保护地与社区间关系演进的底层逻辑为权衡考虑保护地管理方和社区的切实诉求,在厘清多种影响因素的作用机理的前提下,可归纳推进自然保护地与社区关系状态变动的主要因素为四类:自然资源保护与利用的矛盾、社会经济发展与反噬的困境、法律政策权力与责任的平衡、文化传统继承与创新的尺度。因此,自然保护地需要遵循关系演进的动态规律,坚持实行社区共管、生态反哺等新管理模式以促进自然保护地与社区融合发展的步伐,紧随生态与经济可持续发展的时代主旋律。By reviewing the history of China’s protected areas construction,exploring the characteristics and manifestations of the relationship between protected areas and communities at various stages,changes in management concepts and improvements in the legal system could be regarded as important nodes in the transformation of the relationship between protected areas and communities.Taking the relevant regulations of protected areas as a clue,we can analyze the dynamics of the relationship between protected areas and communities at various stages,from“conflict”to“coordination”to“integration”,and so on.The evolution of the relationship between protected areas and communities can be analyzed.The underlying logic of the evolution of the relationship between protected areas and communities is to weigh the practical demands of the management of the protected areas and the communities,and on the premise of clarifying the mechanism of multiple influencing factors,the main factors that promote the relationship between protected areas and communities can be summarized into four categories:the contradiction between the protection and utilization of natural resources,the dilemma of socio-economic development and the backlash,the balance of power and responsibility in laws and policies,and the yardstick of inheritance and innovation of cultural traditions.Therefore,protected areas need to follow the dynamic law of relationship evolution and insist on the implementation of new management modes such as community co-management and ecological feedback in order to promote the pace of integrated development of protected areas and communities and follow the main theme of the times of ecological and economic sustainable development.

关 键 词：自然保护地 融合发展 关系研究 社区 

分 类 号：S759.9[农业科学—森林经理学]