社区公园布局空间公平性评价研究——基于SE指数方法  

An Evaluation of Spatial Equity in Community Park Layouts:A Study Based on the SE Index Method

作　　者：刘志强[1] 郑薇 洪亘伟[1] 余慧[1] LIU Zhiqiang;ZHENG Wei;HONG Genwei;YU Hui

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学建筑与城市规划学院

出　　处：《南方建筑》2025年第2期1-9,共9页South Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51778389、42471218):基于空间计量分析的中国市域建成区绿地率空间分异的格局、演变及其机理研究,城市绿地对公共卫生危机的响应机制及韧性优化研究;“十四五”江苏省重点学科(风景园林学)。

摘　　要：城市更新背景下,社区公园布局空间公平性研究对构建高品质社区生活圈具有重要意义。通过构建SE指数评价苏州中心城区社区公园布局的空间公平性,并揭示各市辖区社区公园和居民的供需匹配状况、空间公平性差异。结果发现:1)SE指数是对使用基尼系数公平性评价方法的补充和拓展,可弥补基尼系数无法体现空间性的不足,同时也是对社区公园布局空间公平性评价方法的优化和完善,能够判定社区公园布局是否存在不公平现象,并可对相同(近)基尼系数市辖区所对应的不同公平性状态进行原因解释。2)整体尺度看,苏州中心城区社区公园布局空间公平性较差,各市辖区空间公平性差异明显,呈现为姑苏区>工业园区>高新区>吴中区>相城区。局部尺度看,姑苏区和吴中区基尼系数相近,但姑苏区空间不公平状态呈现需求多而供给不足,吴中区则表现为供给充足而需求少。以期为社区公园布局空间公平性评价研究提供方法借鉴,为公园绿地布局优化和合理配置提供科学依据。Community parks,which act as green open spaces that provide daily recreational services for residents of communities,are closely related to residents'quality of life.With the increasing equalization of basic public services and the concept of community living areas,scientific research on the layout characteristics of community parks is critical for enhancing the residents'quality of life.At present,as urban construction begins to enter the stage of high-quality development,the issues of uneven layouts and inadequate service provision in community parks in China are becoming increasingly prevalent,accompanied by the low fairness of residents enjoying the services of community parks.Therefore,it is critical to study the spatial fairness evaluation of community park layouts,which can provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the layout of community parks and improving the quality of human habitat construction in the context of urban renewal.To date,the Gini coefficient has been widely used to evaluate the spatial fairness of green space layouts in parks.It is intuitive,simple to use,and its calculation results are comparable.Moreover,it offsets shortcomings of the accessibility index,which is limited by the availability of data and the calculation complexity,making it only applicable to small-scale refinement research.However,the Gini coefficient does not take into account the spatial dimensions,such as the distribution of residents and the layout of parks,and similar Gini coefficients will inevitably represent different spatial equity scenarios,failing to achieve unique correspondences.Therefore,it is necessary and feasible to introduce the SE index,a spatial equity evaluation method that combines the Gini coefficient with the bivariate Moran index.An empirical study based on the Central Area of Suzhou was carried out.The SE index was introduced to evaluate the overall spatial fairness of the community park layout,in addition to revealing the matching status of supply and demand and spatial fairness differences in

关 键 词：社区公园 空间布局 空间公平性 SE指数 苏州 

分 类 号：TU-02[建筑科学—建筑理论] TU986.51