依水适地,桥连驿通——河源粤赣路石拱桥的分布和特征  

Adapted to Water and Land,Connected by Bridges and Relay Stations:Distribution and Characteristics of the Stone Arch Bridges on the Guangdong-Jiangxi Road in Heyuan

作　　者：白汶灵 程建军[1,2] Bai Wenling;Cheng Jianjun

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学建筑学院 [2]亚热带建筑与城市科学全国重点实验室

出　　处：《南方建筑》2025年第2期104-114,共11页South Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(52108007):基于形制年代学的岭南明清古建筑典型构建谱系演化机制研究。

摘　　要：粤赣路石拱桥是连接广东和江西两省的重要水陆交通桥梁,在历史上,它在军政和商贸往来方面发挥了重要作用。通过综合反推和追问,实例明证了石拱桥的“分布——需求——形式特征——技术特征”的关联策略的营造特点,并探究了其特征设计和建造技艺。石拱桥遵循了“适水、适地、适驿”的设计原则,这揭示了营建师对环境的深刻理解和技术创新。这种设计原则不仅满足了实际需求,还促进了自然与人工技术的和谐共存。Guangdong Province has achieved notable success in large-scale macro research centered on routes and settlements;however,there are insufficient studies on micro and meso-scale architecture along post roads and pavements.As a crucial transportation link between Guangdong and Jiangxi,the stone arch bridges on the Guangdong-Jiangxi Road have played a pivotal role in military,political,and commercial exchanges in history.Through comprehensive backtracking and in-depth inquiries,the construction characteristics associated with the strategy of"distribution-demand-formal characteristics-technical features"in stone arch bridges were demonstrated empirically.Their formal and technical attributes were further investigated.The stone arch bridge adheres to the design principles of"adaptability to water,land,and postal needs,"reflecting the profound understanding and technological innovation of builders in terms of the environment.They also promote the harmonious coexistence between nature and artificial technologies.Some conclusions could be drawn from the findings of this study:1.First,the distribution and locations of the stone arch bridges on the Guangdong-Jiangxi Road are designed to meet the needs of water flow,river width,terrain,and the Yichuan system.They are predominantly located in the middle and lower reaches of rivers,with narrow river channels,slow water flow,and flat terrain,aiming to decrease the influence of natural disasters.The quantity and distribution of stone arch bridges change with the variation of post roads and pavements.2.The stone arch bridges on the Guangdong-Jiangxi Road are diversified,which is the collaborative result of the natural construction environment,construction technology,and functional requirements.Builders face some challenges in terms of the river characteristics,topography,material supply,transportation conditions,and postal communication needs.These can be solved by choosing appropriate construction forms and strategies.One strategy is the integration of nature,which implies an"ad

关 键 词：粤赣路 石拱桥 分布 形式特征 技艺特征 

分 类 号：TU-02[建筑科学—建筑理论] TU-09