北京市石景山区40~70岁社区人群高血压危险因素及生活方式对高血压的影响分析  

Analysis of risk factors for hypertension and the impact of lifestyle on hypertension in people age 40-70 in a community in Shijingshan District,Beijing

作　　者：孙秀芹 魏兰萱 刘金波[2] 王瑶瑶 蒋姗彤 张晶 王黎春[2] 王宏宇[2,3,4,5,6,7,8] Sun Xiuqin;Wei Lanxuan;Liu Jinbo;Wang Yaoyao;Jiang Shantong;Zhang Jing;Wang Lichun;Wang Hongyu(Department of Endocrinology,Peking University Shougang Hospital,Beijing 100144,China;Vascular Medicine,Peking University Shougang Hospital,Beijing 100144,China;The Second Clinical Medical College of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830054,China;Peking University Health Science Center Vascular Health Research Center,Beijing 100144,China;State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;Heart and Vascular Health Research Center of Peking University Clinical Research Institute,Beijing 100191,China;Heart and Vascular Health Research Center of Chengdu Medical College,Chengdu 611730,China;Intelligent Digital Management of Heart and Vascular Health Center of National Institute of Health Data Science at Peking University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学首钢医院内分泌科,100144 [2]北京大学首钢医院血管医学中心,100144 [3]新疆医科大学第二临床医学院,乌鲁木齐830054 [4]北京大学医学部血管健康研究中心,100144 [5]血管稳态和重构全国重点实验室(北京大学),北京100191 [6]北京大学临床研究所心脏和血管健康研究中心,100191 [7]成都医学院心脏和血管健康研究中心,611730 [8]北京大学健康医疗大数据国家研究院智慧化心脏和血管健康数字管理研究中心,100191

出　　处：《中国心血管杂志》2025年第1期86-94,共9页Chinese Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

基　　金：首都卫生发展科研专项(2020-2-6042)。

摘　　要：目的了解京西地区某社区常住居民高血压发生的风险因素,同时探究不同生活方式对高血压发生的影响。方法横断面研究。连续入选2020年7~9月北京市石景山区金顶街社区常住居民1575名为研究对象,其中男性533名(33.8%)。调查内容包括问卷调查、体格检查、实验室检查、周围血管健康情况和心率变异性分析。其中,问卷调查包括人口学特征、行为和个人疾病史等;体格检查包括体质指数(BMI)、腰臀比和血压等;实验室检查包括血糖和血脂等;周围血管健康情况包括外周动脉张力测定、肱-踝动脉脉搏波传导速度(ba-PWV)、心踝血管指数(CAVI)、踝-肱指数和颈动脉内膜中层厚度等;心率变异性分析包括R-R间期标准差和R-R间期差值均方根等。采用多因素logistic回归分析高血压发生的风险因素。结果在有效调查的1575名受试者中,高血压组621例(39.4%),无高血压组954例(60.6%)。高血压组患者的年龄、低强度体育锻炼时间、午休时间、早发心脑血管疾病家族史、心脑血管疾病病史、糖尿病病史和高脂血症病史比例均高于无高血压组;文化程度、睡眠时间、从不吸烟、从不饮酒和主食量少(每天≤3两)比例均低于无高血压组;BMI、腰臀比、血压、肌酐、尿酸、血糖、ba-PWV、CAVI、颈动脉狭窄或出现斑块比例均高于无高血压组;血脂、反应性充血指数、R-R间期标准差、R-R间期差值均方根均低于无高血压组(均为P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,从不吸烟(OR=0.571,95%CI:0.384~0.847,P=0.005)、从不饮酒(OR=0.675,95%CI:0.508~0.895,P=0.006)、无心脑血管疾病家族史(OR=0.556,95%CI:0.428~0.723,P<0.001)和颈动脉超声正常(左侧:OR=0.463,95%CI:0.297~0.721,P=0.001;右侧:OR=0.465,95%CI:0.285~0.758,P=0.002)是发生高血压的保护因素,而BMI(OR=1.153,95%CI:1.114~1.193,P<0.001)、血压(收缩压:OR=1.044,95%CI:1.036~1.052,P<0.001;舒张压:OR=1.053,95%CI:1.041~1.064Objective To explore the risk factors and the impact of lifestyles on the occurrence of hypertension among the permanent residents of a community in western Beijing.Methods This was a cross sectional study.A total of 1575 permanent residents(533 males)of Jinding Street Community in Shijingshan District,Beijing from July to September 2020 were included in the study.The survey content includes questionnaire survey,physical examination,laboratory examination,peripheral vascular health status,and heart rate variability analysis.Among them,the questionnaire survey includes demographic characteristics,behavior,and personal disease history,etc;Physical examination includes body mass index(BMI),waist to hip ratio,blood pressure,etc;Laboratory tests include blood glucose and blood lipids,etc;The health status of peripheral blood vessels includes peripheral arterial tension measurement,brachial ankle pulse wave velocity(ba-PWV),cardio-ankle vascular index(CAVI),ankle brachial index,and carotid intima-media thickness;Heart rate variability analysis includes indicators of cardiac autonomic nervous system function such as standard deviation of R-R interval and root mean square of R-R interval difference.Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for hypertension.Results Among the 1575 subjects surveyed effectively,621(39.4%)were in the hypertension group and 954(60.6%)in the non-hypertension group.Age,low-intensity physical exercise time,rest time,family history of early onset cardio-cerebrovascular disease,history of cardio-cerebrovascular disease,history of diabetes and hyperlipidemia in hypertension group were higher than those in non-hypertension group;The proportion of patients with education level,sleep time,never smoking,never drinking alcohol,and low staple food intake(≤150 g/d)was lower than those in non-hypertension group;BMI,waist to hip ratio,blood pressure,creatinine,uric acid,blood glucose ba-PWV,CAVI,proportion of patients with carotid artery stenosis or plaque were higher than th

关 键 词：高血压 危险因素 生活方式干预 代谢因素 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]