絮凝技术对养殖粪水中污染物和养分的去除潜力研究  

Study on the potential of pollutant and nutrient removal from livestock manure wastewater by flocculation treatment technology

作　　者：张云颖 张晓航 柏兆海[1] 马林[3] 王选[1] ZHANG Yunying;ZHANG Xiaohang;BAI Zhaohai;MA Lin;WANG Xuan(Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences/Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050022,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Nanjing University,Nanjing 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心/河北省土壤生态学重点实验室/中国科学院农业水资源重点实验室,石家庄050022 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]南京大学,南京210008

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报(中英文)》2025年第2期361-373,共13页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(22324002D,22326802D);河北省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(HBCT2024230202,HBCT2024270203);中国科学院青年创新促进会人才项目(2021095)资助。

摘　　要：养殖业的迅猛发展保障了我国肉蛋奶等畜产品的供应,然而大量养殖粪水的产生与不当处理使养殖业成为水体污染物的重要排放源,制约了养殖业的绿色可持续发展。絮凝处理技术是一种被广泛应用于养殖粪水固液分离的技术,然而不同种类絮凝剂对粪水不同指标的去除效果具有较大的不确定性。为了明确不同种类絮凝剂在不同性质粪水中的应用潜力及其影响因素,本研究采用Meta分析方法,对41篇文章中的1194项观察结果进行了统计分析。结果表明,絮凝剂的使用可以有效去除养殖粪水中悬浮颗粒物,养殖粪水中总固体和挥发性固体的去除率分别为62.95%和70.55%,进而实现对污染物和养分的分离;养殖粪水中氨氮、总氮、总磷和总钾的去除率分别为37.53%、48.04%、69.95%和23.28%。絮凝效果受絮凝剂种类和养殖粪水性质的影响,无机絮凝剂对总固体、总磷和总钾的去除效果较高,而有机絮凝剂对粪水中总氮的去除率最高,复合絮凝剂则对氨氮和总磷的去除率最高。养殖粪水中污染物和养分含量是影响不同絮凝剂絮凝效果的关键因素,当化学需氧量≤10 g·L^(-1)时,无机絮凝剂对化学需氧量和总磷的去除率最高,分别达80.51%和87.15%。当化学需氧量>10 g·L^(-1)时,复合絮凝剂对化学需氧量、氨氮和总磷的去除率最高,分别达62.49%、61.72%和86.68%。因此,优化粪水特征与絮凝剂特性的组合是提升粪水中各项指标去除效率的有效途径,代表着该领域未来的研究方向。In recent years,China’s livestock industry has flourished,becoming a crucial component of the nation’s food supply chain by consistently producing abundant meat,eggs,and dairy products.However,this rapid industrial growth has inadvertently led to the generation of significant volumes of livestock wastewater,posing a considerable environmental threat.Efficient treatment is necessary to wastewater laden with pollutants to mitigate its adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems.Among the various treatment technologies,flocculation has emerged as a preferred method due to its effectiveness in solid-liquid separation within livestock operations.Despite its widespread adoption,there remains considerable uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of different flocculants in removing specific pollutants from livestock wastewater.To address this,a comprehensive Meta analysis is conducted in this study,analyzing 1194 observations sourced from 41 articles.The findings provide valuable insights into the efficacy of flocculation treatment.The results indicate that the use of flocculants has a remarkable effect on the removal of suspended solids in livestock wastewater.Specifically,removal rates of total solids and volatile solids are 62.95% and 70.55%,respectively,facilitating the effective separation of nutrient elements.Notably,the removal rates of ammonia nitrogen,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and total potassium are also significant,which were 37.53%,48.04%,69.95%,and 23.28%,respectively.These findings underscore the critical role of flocculation in managing livestock wastewater pollutants.The study further reveals that the flocculation effect is influenced by both the types of flocculants and the specific characteristics of the livestock wastewater.Inorganic flocculants exhibit superior removal effects on total solids,total phosphorus,and total potassium,while organic flocculants demonstrates the highest removal rate for total nitrogen.Composite flocculants,combining the advantages of both inorganic and organic flocculants

关 键 词：养殖粪水 养分分离 Meta分析 絮凝 去除率 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TP79[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]