非涉外编程序规则在国际民事诉讼中的适用--《民事诉讼法》第270条第2句的教义学阐释  

Application of the Rules of the Non-Foreign-Related Parts of the Civil Procedure Law in International Civil Litigation:The Doctrinal Interpretation of the Second Sentence of Article 270 of the Civil Procedure Law

作　　者：林强 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院国际法研究所 [2]中国社会科学院大学法学院

出　　处：《武大国际法评论》2024年第6期17-34,共18页Wuhan University International Law Review

基　　金：2024年中国社会科学院青启计划资助项目“国际民事诉讼中的程序问题法律适用原理”(2024QQJH140)的阶段性成果之一。

摘　　要：立法者将需要特别处理的涉外程序问题规定于涉外编,而对于无须特别处理的涉外程序问题,借由《民事诉讼法》第270条第2句指引法官适用非涉外编程序规则,这一做法大致合理。但应予明确的是,《民事诉讼法》第270条第2句为实质意义上的概括性准用条款。法官依该规则将非涉外编程序规则适用于涉外程序问题时,应遵循准用的法理,妥当行使司法裁量权,必要时应变通适用非涉外编程序规则。在多数情况下,变通适用意味着非涉外编程序规则虽可适用于涉外程序问题,但法官在必要时需要对程序规则的规范要件或法律效果作出变通处理。对非涉外编程序规则的规范要件和法律效果是否作出以及如何作出变通处理,在国际民事诉讼法上可以作为先决问题和适应问题。这两类问题普遍存在于涉外司法的各个环节,法官应遵循适当的方法予以解决,从而合理地把握准用过程中的自由裁量权。It is generally reasonable for legislators to provide for procedural is-sues that require special treatment in the foreign-related part of the Civil Procedure Law,and to direct judges to apply the rules of the non-foreign-related parts of the Civil Procedure Law.However,it should be made clear that the second sentence of Article 270 of the Civil Procedure Law is a general and referential provision in the substantive sense.Judges should exercise judicial discretion appropriately,and apply the non-foreign-related parts of the Civil Procedure Law mutatis mutandis to proce-dural issues involving foreign elements.In most instances,adaptation means that the non-foreign-related rules can be applied to foreign procedural issues,but judges should use appropriate methods to adapt the normative elements or legal effects of those rules if necessary,which can be divided into preliminary matters and adap-tion matters in international civil litigation.These two kinds of matters can usually be found in the process of foreign-related justice,and judges should deal with the problems properly,in order to exercise judicial discretion appropriately when apply the rules mutatis mutandis.

关 键 词：国际民事诉讼 民诉法非涉外编 先决问题 适应问题 准用 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]