BMSC骨脂分化失衡诱发骨质疏松研究进展  

Research progress in osteoporosis induced by osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation imbalance of BMSC

作　　者：欧亿林 彭睿 毛钰蘅 翁锡全[2,3] 元宇[2,3] OU Yilin;PENG Rui;MAO Yuheng;WENG Xiquan;YUAN Yu(School of Graduate,Guangzhou Sport University,Guangzhou 510500,China;School of Exercise and Health,Guangzhou Sport University,Guangzhou 510500,China;Guangdong Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health,Guangzhou Sport University,Guangzhou 510500,China)

机构地区：[1]广州体育学院研究生院,广东广州510500 [2]广州体育学院运动与健康学院,广东广州510500 [3]广州体育学院广东省运动与健康重点实验室,广东广州510500

出　　处：《中国骨质疏松杂志》2025年第2期289-295,共7页Chinese Journal of Osteoporosis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(81901430);广东省自然科学基金面上项目(2022A1515010379);广州市科技计划项目(2023A04J0555);广东省普通高校重点领域专项项目(2024ZDZX2059);广东省普通高校创新团队项目(2023WCXTD011)。

摘　　要：骨质疏松症(osteoporosis,OP)是一种以骨量流失为主要特征的全身性骨病,其发病率已呈现出高发的态势。骨髓间充质干细胞(bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell,BMSC)是一种具有高度可塑性的成体干细胞,可分化为成骨细胞、脂肪细胞和软骨细胞等类型,其分化去向影响骨形成与骨吸收之间的平衡。在骨髓微环境中,BMSC的分化命运受Wnt、Notch、Hedgehogs和BMP等信号通路及lncRNAs、circRNA和外泌体等因素的调控,它们共同形成一个复杂而庞大的调控网络,对BMSC的骨脂分化产生正向或负向的调控效应。因此,BMSC成骨和成脂平衡的失调将会加剧骨髓脂肪化的程度,引发机体炎症反应,导致骨代谢紊乱,进而诱发骨质疏松症。多项研究表明,抑制BMSC成脂分化,促进其成骨分化是防治骨质疏松症的重要策略之一。然而,目前国内研究BMSC骨脂分化失衡诱发骨质疏松的相关综述报道较少。鉴于此,笔者在综合国内外相关文献的基础上,概述了调控BMSC骨脂分化的相关信号通路,探讨了BMSC骨脂分化失衡对骨质疏松发生发展的影响,旨在为骨质疏松症的治疗及靶向药物的研制提供理论依据。Osteoporosis is a kind of systemic bone disease characterized by bone loss.Its incidence has shown a high trend.Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(BMSC)are adult stem cells with high plasticity.They can be differentiated into osteoblasts,adipocytes,and chondrocytes.Their differentiation affects the balance of bone metabolism between bone formation and bone resorption.In the bone marrow microenvironment,the differentiation fate of BMSC is regulated by Wnt,Notch,Hedgehogs and BMP signaling pathways and lncRNAs,circRNAs,and exosomes,which together form a complex and large regulatory network and have positive or negative regulatory effects on bone fat differentiation of BMSC.Therefore,the imbalance of bone formation and lipid formation of BMSC may aggravate the degree of bone marrow fat,trigger the body inflammatory response,lead to bone metabolism disorders,and then induce osteoporosis.Many studies have shown that inhibiting the adipogenic differentiation of BMSC and promoting its osteogenic differentiation is one of the important strategies for the treatment of osteoporosis.However,there are few reports about osteoporosis induced by the imbalance of bone fat differentiation of BMSC in the nation.In view of this,on the basis of comprehensive national and international literature,this paper summarizes the relevant signal pathways regulating the differentiation of BMSC to bone fat,and discusses the influence of the imbalance of BMSC to bone fat differentiation on the occurrence and development of osteoporosis,aiming to provide theoretical basis for the treatment of osteoporosis and the development of targeted drugs.

关 键 词：骨髓间充质干细胞 成骨分化 成脂分化 骨代谢 骨质疏松 

分 类 号：R589.5[医药卫生—内分泌]