体育锻炼对大学生睡眠质量的影响:一个有调节的链式中介模型  

Effect of Physical Exercise on Sleep Quality of College Students:A Mediated Chain Model

作　　者：柳飞洋 段汇存 张博华 陈凯 郭立亚[1] LIU Feiyang;DUAN Huicun;ZHANG Bohua;CHEN Kai;GUO Liya(School of Physical Education,Southwest Univ.,Chongqing 400715,China;Research Center of Psychology and Social Development,Southwest Univ.,Chongqing 400715,China;Dept.of Psychology,Southwest Univ.,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学体育学院,重庆400715 [2]西南大学心理学与社会发展研究中心,重庆400715 [3]西南大学心理学部,重庆400715

出　　处：《体育教育学刊》2024年第6期16-24,F0002,共10页Journal of Physical Education

基　　金：全国教育科学“十四五”规划教育部重点项目资助(DLA210371)。

摘　　要：目的:探究体育锻炼对大学生睡眠质量的影响,考察社交焦虑和手机成瘾的中介作用以及正念的调节作用。方法:采用体育活动等级量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表、交往焦虑量表、大学生手机成瘾倾向量表和正念五因素量表进行调查,得到有效问卷1203份。结果:(1)体育锻炼与社交焦虑、手机成瘾和睡眠质量均呈显著负相关(r=-0.287、r=-0.415、r=-0.256,p<0.001),而与正念呈显著正相关(r=0.161,p<0.001);睡眠质量与正念显著负相关(r=-0.501,p<0.001),而与社交焦虑和手机成瘾显著正相关(r=0.493、r=0.581,p<0.001);社交焦虑和手机成瘾显著正相关(r=0.546,p<0.001);(2)体育锻炼通过社交焦虑和手机成瘾的完全中介作用影响大学生的睡眠质量,具体包括3条路径:一是社交焦虑的单独中介作用,效应值为-0.062;二是手机成瘾的单独中介作用,效应值为-0.099;三是社交焦虑和手机成瘾的链式中介作用,效应值为-0.047;(3)正念分别调节了体育锻炼、社交焦虑、手机成瘾与睡眠质量的关系(β=-0.161、β=-0.129、β=-0.235、p<0.001),并且也调节了社交焦虑和手机成瘾的链式中介作用,与低正念水平时链式中介的效应值相比(效应值=-0.075),当正念水平较高时链式中介的效应值将减小(效应值=-0.018)。结论:体育锻炼可以通过社交焦虑和手机成瘾的单独中介作用及其链式中介作用影响大学生的睡眠质量;正念不仅可以优化体育锻炼对睡眠质量的积极影响,也能削弱社交焦虑和手机成瘾对睡眠质量的消极作用以及社交焦虑和手机成瘾的链式中介作用。Objective:To explore the influence of physical exercise on the sleep quality of college students,investigate the mediating role of social anxiety and mobile phone addiction,and the modulating role of mindfulness.Methods:Physical activity rating Scale,Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scale,communication anxiety scale,mobile phone Addiction Tendency Scale and mindfulness five-factor scale were used to investigate,and 1203 valid questionnaires were obtained.Results:(1)Correlation analysis showed that physical exercise was significantly negatively correlated with social anxiety,mobile phone addiction and sleep quality(r=-0.287,r=-0.415,r=-0.256,p<0.001),while it was significantly positively correlated with mindfulness(r=0.161,p<0.001).Sleep quality was negatively correlated with mindfulness(r=-0.501,p<0.001),but positively correlated with social anxiety and mobile phone addiction(r=0.493,r=0.581,p<0.001).There was a significant positive correlation between social anxiety and mobile phone addiction(r=0.546,p<0.001);(2)Physical exercise affects the sleep quality of college students through the complete mediating of social anxiety and mobile phone addiction,including three pathways:First,social anxiety is a single mediating effect,with an effect value of-0.062;The second is the single mediating effect of mobile phone addiction,the effect value is-0.099;The third is the chain mediating effect of social anxiety and mobile phone addiction,the effect value is-0.047;(3)Mindfulness modulated the relationship between physical exercise,social anxiety,mobile phone addiction and sleep quality(β=-0.161,β=-0.129,β=-0.235,p<0.001),and also modulated the chain mediation between social anxiety and mobile phone addiction.Compared with the effect size of the chain mediator when the level of mindfulness is low(effect size=-0.075),the effect size of the chain mediator decreases when the level of mindfulness is high(effect size=-0.018).Conclusion:Physical exercise can affect the sleep quality of college students through the single mediati

关 键 词：体育锻炼 睡眠质量 社交焦虑 手机成瘾 正念 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]