2015年至2018年上海市HIV⁃1感染者基因亚型及分子传播特征分析  

Analysis of gene subtypes and molecular transmission characteristics of HIV⁃1 infected individuals in Shanghai from 2015 to 2018

作　　者：吴健[1] 陈玮华 徐昊 徐元[1] 申永秀 宁镇[2] 秦婷 林怡[2] 沈鑫[2] 郁晓磊 WU Jian;CHEN Weihua;XU Hao;XU Yuan;SHEN Yongxiu;NING Zhen;QIN Ting;LIN Yi;SHEN Xin;YU Xiaolei(Huangpu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai(Supervision Institute of Huangpu District Health Com-mission,Shanghai)200023,China;Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200336,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市黄浦区疾病预防控制中心(上海市黄浦区卫生健康监督所)结核病与艾滋病防制科,上海200023 [2]上海市疾病预防控制中心结核病与艾滋病防治所,上海200336

出　　处：《诊断学理论与实践》2024年第6期568-573,共6页Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice

基　　金：上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2023-2025年)(GWVI-9)。

摘　　要：目的:分析上海市人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)1型(HIV-1)感染者的分子流行特征及影响因素,为制定有效干预措施提供科学依据。方法:收集2015年至2018年新报告的HIV-1感染者血清样本1322例,通过巢式PCR扩增HIV-1pol区基因序列,根据pol基因序列进行病毒亚型分析,基于最适基因距离构建分子网络,分析分子网络特征及其影响因素。结果:1322例血清样本共获得1241条HIV-1pol区基因序列,发现12种HIV基因型,以CRF01_AE和CRF07_BC亚型为主,分别占50.93%和34.00%。有530条序列进入分子网络,入网率为42.71%(530/1241),共形成95个传播簇,簇内节点数为2~219个,其中有一个大簇,节点数为219个(41.32%,219/530)。入网率最高的亚型是CRF07_BC(59.48%,251/422),其次是01B(52.46%,32/61)和CRF01_AE(34.55%,218/631)。男男性行为传播相较于异性性传播更容易形成网络。结论:2015年至2018年上海市HIV-1基因亚型多样,以CRF01_AE和CRF07_BC亚型为主要优势毒株,分子网络呈聚集性分布,男男性接触者(men who have sex with men,MSM)HIV-1感染者具有更快的病毒传播能力,导致更高的感染率,更易进入网络成为高风险传播者。加强HIV-1分子监测可及时了解毒株在不同人群中的传播动态,可帮助公共卫生部门采取有效的干预措施。Objective Analyze the molecular epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of human im-munodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1)infected individuals in Shanghai,and to provide a scientific basis for developing effec-tive intervention measures.Method A total of 1322 serum samples from newly reported HIV-1 infected individuals be-tween 2015 and 2018 were collected.Nested PCR was employed to amplify the HIV-1 pol gene sequences.Virus subtype analysis was then conducted based on the pol gene sequences,and a molecular network was constructed using the optimal gene distance.The characteristics of the molecular network and its influencing factors were analyzed.Results A total of 1241 HIV-1 pol gene sequences were obtained from 1322 samples,and 12 HIV genotypes were identified.The dominant subtypes were with CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC subtypes,accounting for 50.93%and 34.0%.respectively.Among these,530 sequences entered the molecular network,with a clustering rate of 42.71%(530/1241),A total of 95 transmission clus-ters were formed,with cluster sizes ranging from 2 to 219 nodes.One large cluster contained 219 nodes(41.32%,219/530).The highest clustering rate was observed in the CRF07_BC subtype(59.48%,251/422),followed by 01B(52.46%,32/61)and CRF01_AE(34.55%,218/631).Male-to-male sexual transmission was more likely to form networks compared to hetero-sexual transmission.Conclusions The HIV-1 gene subtypes were diverse,with CRF01_AE and CRF07BC subtypes as the main dominant strainsin Shanghai.during 2015-2018,The molecular network showed an clustered distribution,and MSM are infected with HIV-1 have a faster ability to transmit the virus,leading to higher infection rates and easier entry into the network as high-risk carriers.Strengthening HIV-1 molecular monitoring can timely understand the transmission dynamics of the virus strain in different populations and help public health departments take effective intervention measures to re-duce new HIV infections and prevent the spread of the epidemic.

关 键 词：HIV-1基因 分子网络 分子簇 传播特征 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]