基于需要理论的层级护理在胃癌患者术后的应用  

Application of Hierarchical Nursing Based on Need Theory in Postoperative Patients with Gastric Cancer

作　　者：高雁歌 秦媛[1] 贺宇琪 王艺源 刘文静[1] 庄严 GAO Yange;QIN Yuan;HE Yuqi;WANG Yiyuan;LIU Wenjing;ZHUANG Yan(Comprehensive Department Second Ward,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第一附属医院综合科二病区,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《河南医学研究》2025年第3期569-573,共5页Henan Medical Research

摘　　要：目的 探讨基于需要理论的层级护理在胃癌根治术后患者中的应用效果。方法 选取2020年6月至2022年6月于郑州大学第一附属医院接受胃癌根治术后患者108例,采用随机数字法将108例患者分为两组,每组54例。观察组在常规护理基础上接受基于需要理论的层级护理干预;对照组接受常规护理。以干预第2个月时为观察终点。比较干预前后两组营养状态[采用血清白蛋白(ALB)、血清前白蛋白(PA)评估]、自我护理能力[采用自我护理能力量表(ESCA)评估]、社会支持度[采用领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)评估]、病耻感[采用病耻感情感体验量表(PDD)评估]及希望水平[采用Herth希望量表(HHI)评估]。结果 干预后,两组血清ALB、PA水平均较干预前提高,且观察组上述血清水平均高于对照组(P<0.05);两组PSSS评分均较干预前提高,PDD评分均较干预前降低,且与对照组比较,观察组PSSS评分高,PDD评分低(P<0.05);两组ESCA评分均较干预前提高,且与对照组比较,观察组ESCA评分高(P<0.05);两组HHI各维度评分均较护理前提高,且与对照组比较,观察组各维度评分均高(P<0.05)。结论 基于需要理论的层级护理可以改善胃癌患者术后营养状态,增强自我护理能力,提高社会支持度和希望水平,降低患者病耻感。Objective To explore the application effect of hierarchical nursing based on need theory in patients after radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.Methods A total of 108 patients with gastric cancer after radical gastrectomy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from June 2020 to June 2022 were enrolled as the study subjects.They were randomly divided into two groups,54 patients in each group.The control group received routine nursing intervention,while the observation group received hierarchical nursing intervention based on the need theory on the basis of the control group,with both interventions lasting for 2 months.The nutritional status indexes[assessed by serum albumin(ALB),serum prealbumin(PA)],self-care ability[assessed by exercise of self-care agency(ESCA)],social support[assessed by perceived social support scale(PSSS)],stigma[assessed by perceived devaluation-discrimination scale(PDD)]and hope level[assessed by Herth hope scale(HHI)]were compared before intervention and 2 months after intervention.Results After 2 months of intervention,the serum ALB and PA levels in both groups of patients increased compared to before intervention,and compared with the control group,the observation group had higher serum ALB and PA levels(P<0.05).The PSSS scores of both groups increased compared to before intervention,while the PDD scores decreased compared to before intervention.Compared with the control group,the observation group had a higher PSSS score and a lower PDD score(P<0.05).The ESCA scores of both groups improved compared to before intervention,and compared with the control group,the observation group had a higher ESCA score(P<0.05).The scores of each dimension of HHI in both groups were improved compared to before nursing,and compared with the control group,the observation group had higher scores in all dimensions(P<0.05).Conclusion Based on need theory,hierarchical nursing can improve the nutritional status of postoperative gastric cancer patients,enhance self-care ability,increase socia

关 键 词：胃癌 胃癌根治术 需要理论 层级护理 

分 类 号：R473.73[医药卫生—护理学]