老年心血管疾病住院患者跌倒预防知识-态度-行为量表的编制及信效度检验  

Development and reliability and validity evaluation of the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice Scale for Fall Prevention in Hospitalized Aged Patients with Cardiovascular Disease

作　　者：何正坤[1] 周素密[1] 余意 宋希争 陈玲炫 He Zhengkun;Zhou Sumi;Yu Yi;Song Xizheng;Chen Lingxuan(Department of Cardiovascular Surgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University,Xiamen 361003,China;School of Nursing,Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou 350122,China;Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,Binzhou People's Hospital,Binzhou 256600,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学附属第一医院心脏外科,厦门361003 [2]福建医科大学护理学院,福州350122 [3]滨州市人民医院康复医学科,滨州256600

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2025年第6期813-817,共5页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：厦门大学附属第一医院护理科研发展基金(XYY2023021)。

摘　　要：目的开发老年心血管疾病住院患者跌倒预防知识-态度-行为量表,并进行信效度检验。方法以知信行理论为框架,通过文献回顾、专家函询、预调查等初步形成量表条目池。采用便利抽样法,于2023年9—11月选取在厦门大学附属第一医院心脏外科、心血管内科住院的277例心血管疾病患者为研究对象,检验量表的信效度。结果正式调查中共发放问卷277份,回收有效问卷254份,问卷有效回收率为91.70%(254/277)。使用主成分分析法和方差极大旋转法进行探索性因子分析,知识、态度、行为每个维度均提取出4个公因子,分别可解释66.506%、67.847%、69.241%的方差;验证性因子分析结果显示因子结构稳定可靠。量表总体的Cronbach'sα系数为0.829,知识、态度、行为3个维度的Cronbach'sα系数分别为0.697、0.756、0.726。最终形成的老年心血管疾病住院患者跌倒预防知识-态度-行为量表共包括3个维度、12个因子、32个条目。结论老年心血管疾病住院患者跌倒预防知识-态度-行为量表的信效度良好,可用性佳,可用于临床护理实践,以期更好地预防老年心血管疾病住院患者的跌倒事件。ObjectiveTo develop a Knowledge-Attitude-Practice(KAP)Scale for Fall Prevention in Hospitalized Aged Patients with Cardiovascular Disease and test its reliability and validity.MethodsUsing the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice(KAP)framework,scale items were initially constructed through literature review,expert consultation,and a pilot survey.Totally 277 hospitalized cardiovascular patients from the cardiovascular surgery and cardiology departments of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University were recruited by convenience sampling from September to November 2023 to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale.ResultsA total of 277 questionnaires were distributed,with 254 valid responses,with a response rate of 91.70%.Exploratory factor analysis using principal component analysis and varimax rotation extracted four factors in each dimension(knowledge,attitude,and practice),explaining 66.506%,67.847%,and 69.241%of the variance,respectively.Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated a stable and reliable factor structure.The overall Cronbach'sαcoefficient of the scale was 0.829,with Cronbach'sαcoefficients for the knowledge,attitude,and practice dimensions of 0.697,0.756,and 0.726,respectively.The finalized KAP Scale for Fall Prevention in Hospitalized Aged Patients with Cardiovascular Disease comprised 3 dimensions,12 factors,and 32 items.ConclusionsKAP Scale for Fall Prevention in Hospitalized Aged Patients with Cardiovascular Disease demonstrated good reliability,validity,and feasibility,making it a suitable tool for clinical nursing practice to better prevent fall incidents in hospitalized aged patients with cardiovascular disease.

关 键 词：心血管疾病 跌倒 知识-态度-行为 预防 量表 信效度 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]