辽河口滨海湿地盐地碱蓬的水文和微地形改造修复工程  

Hydrological and Micro-topographic Reconstruction and Restoration Project of Suaeda salsa in Coastal Wetland of Liao River Estuary

作　　者：杨智博 张仟龙 郭昌盛 任成龙 张明亮 YANG Zhi-bo;ZHANG Qian-long;GUO Chang-sheng;REN Cheng-long;ZHANG Ming-liang(College of Marine Science and Technology and Environment,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,Liaoning,China;Liaoning Offshore Ecological Environment and Disaster Protection Engineering Technology Innovation Center,Dalian 116023,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学海洋科技与环境学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]辽宁省近海生态环境与灾害防护工程技术创新中心,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《湿地科学与管理》2025年第1期68-74,共7页Wetland Science & Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U21A20155;52471270);辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目(2023030048-JH2/1013);辽宁省属本科高校基本科研业务费专项资金(LJ232410158063);大连海洋大学基本科研业务经费(2024JBPTZ003)。

摘　　要：为保证盐地碱蓬的正常生长,恢复滨海湿地的生态功能,本文以辽河口红海滩湿地为例,应用潮沟改造、局部降滩、土壤浅翻等水文和微地形改造生态修复技术,开展盐地碱蓬的植被修复。结果表明:潮沟改造可有效改变潮水的流速和流量,促进潮滩的水文连通,创造盐地碱蓬生长的有利环境;局部降滩可调整滩面高度,有效提高盐地碱蓬的生长和植被定植,降滩后盐地碱蓬的株高降低12.6%,植株密度提高72株·m^(-2);土壤浅翻可显著影响土壤理化性质,促进植被生长,浅翻后盐地碱蓬的株高和根长提高49.5%和98.9%,植株密度和单株生物量提高287株·m^(-2)和5.03 g·株^(-1),修复后红海滩盐地碱蓬覆盖率和湿地面积显著增加。研究结果可为辽河口盐地碱蓬植被的生境修复提供技术参考,促进滨海湿地植被恢复和生态修复。In order to ensure the normal growth of Suaeda salsa and restore the ecological function of coastal wetlands,this paper takes the pink beach wetland in Liao River Estuary as an example,and applies hydrological and micro-topographic restoration techniques such as tidal channel reconstruction,local tidal flat landform reduction,soil shallow plowing to carry out Suaeda salsa vegetation restoration.The results showed that the transformation of tidal creeks effectively changed the flow velocity and tidal flux,promoted the hydrological connectivity of tidal flats,and created a favorable environment for the growth of Suaeda salsa.Local tidal flat landform reduction can adjust the height of beach surface,effectively improve the growth of Suaeda salsa and the planting of salt marsh plant,the plant height of Suaeda salsa decreased by 12.6%,but the plant density increased by 72 plants·m^(-2).Soil shallow plowing significantly affected the physical and chemical properties of soil and promotes vegetation growth.The plant height and root length of Suaeda salsa increased by 49.5% and 98.9%,and the plant density and biomass per plant increased by 287 plants·m^(-2) and 5.03 g·plant^(-1).After restoration,the coverage rate and wetland area of Suaeda salsa in the pink beach increased significantly.The research findings provide a technical basis for the habitat restoration of Suaeda salsa vegetation in Liao River Estuary,and promote the vegetation restoration and ecological restoration of coastal wetlands.

关 键 词：盐地碱蓬 水文连通 微地形改造 生态修复 滨海湿地 

分 类 号：TV856[水利工程—水利水电工程]