药品价格监测与趋势分析——以南宁市为例  

Drug Price Monitoring and Trend Analysis——Taking Nanning City as an Example

作　　者：崔磊强 石菊[1] 王小倩 黄时毅 

机构地区：[1]北京大学经济学院,北京100080 [2]南开大学金融学院,天津300350 [3]广西壮族自治区南宁市医疗保障局,南宁530001

出　　处：《中国医疗保险》2025年第2期59-67,共9页China Health Insurance

基　　金：广西壮族自治区南宁市医疗保障局委托项目“南宁市医药价格动态监测机制研究”。

摘　　要：目的:探索药品价格监测方式,发挥价格监测在完善药品价格形成机制方面的作用。本研究通过构建药品价格指数,分析药品价格变化趋势及其原因,为全国开展药品价格常态化监测提供参考。方法:利用南宁市2022年1月至2023年9月医保结算数据,采用链式费氏价格指数编制药品月度价格指数,分析总体、分类和重点药品的价格变化趋势及其原因。结果:南宁市所有药品的平均价格在样本期间总体呈现下降趋势,价格降幅约为12.7%。分类分析表明,不同类别(西药和中成药、不同报销级别药品)和不同销售渠道(药店和医疗机构、不同营利性质和不同级别医疗机构)药品的价格变化趋势存在差异。重点药品(集采药品和解热镇痛类药品)价格变化受到市场供需关系和政策影响。建议:建立健全药品价格监测机制,推动药品价格监测制度化和常态化,开展药品价格分类监测,强化重点药品价格监测。Objective:This study aims to explore the way of monitoring drug prices and to leverage the role of price monitoring in improving the drug price formation system.This study constructs drug price indices to analyze trends in drug price changes and their underlying causes,as well as to provide references for drug price monitoring nationwide.Methods:Using health insurance claims data from Nanning City from January 2022 to September 2023,we construct monthly drug price indices based on the chained Fisher price index.We analyze trends and reasons of price changes across overall,categorized,and essential drug groups.Results:The average price of all drugs in Nanning City exhibits a general downward trend during the sample period,with an average decrease of approximately 12.7%.A categorized analysis revealed variations in price change trends across different categories(western and Chinese patent medicines,and drugs with varying reimbursement levels) and sales channels(pharmacies and hospitals,for-profit and not-for-profit hospitals,and hospitals with differing levels).The price changes of essential drugs(centralized procurement drugs and antipyretic analgesic drugs) were influenced by market supplydemand relationship and policies.Suggestions:We should establish and improve drug price monitoring mechanisms,promoting the institutionalization and normalization of drug price monitoring,implementing the monitoring on prices for categorized drugs and enhancing the monitoring of essential drugs.

关 键 词：价格指数 药品价格监测 重点药品 

分 类 号：F840.684[经济管理—保险] C913.7[社会学]