健康意识理论教育模式在中青年维持性血液透析患者中的应用效果  

Application effect of health awareness theory education model in young and middle-aged patients with maintenance hemodialysis

作　　者：王元英 郝艳青 周玲[1] 张吉丽 金吉平[1] Wang Yuanying;Hao Yanqing;Zhou Ling;Zhang Jili;Jin Jiping(Department of Nephrology,Jinshan Branch of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital,Shanghai 201599,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市第六人民医院金山分院肾脏科,上海201599

出　　处：《齐齐哈尔医学院学报》2025年第3期297-300,F0003,共5页Journal of Qiqihar Medical University

基　　金：上海市第六人民医院金山分院2022年度院内立项课题(2022-16)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨健康意识理论教育模式在中青年维持性血液透析患者中的应用效果。方法 选择2022年7月—2023年9月本院收治的行维持性血液透析的中青年患者108例为研究对象,随机数表法分为对照组和实验组两组,每组各54例。对照组采用常规护理,实验组在对照组采用的常规护理基础上增加健康意识理论教育模式进行干预。分别采用医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)、健康促进策略问卷(SUPPH)、液体摄入依从性调查量表比较两组患者干预前后负性情绪、自我效能和液体摄入依从性,观察两组患者在干预期间的并发症情况和透析效能。结果 干预后,实验组患者的SUPPH评分和液体摄入依从性评分均高于对照组(P<0.05),HADS评分低于对照组(P<0.05),实验组患者的并发症发生率和发生风险低于对照组,并且血清肌酐(SCr)、血尿素氮(BUN)、肾小球滤过率(GFR)等透析效能指标均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 健康意识理论的教育模式能有效提高中青年MHD患者的液体摄入依从性,减少患者负面情绪,降低血液透析并发症发生率和发生风险,提高患者的自我效能。Objective To explore the application effect of the health awareness theory education model in young and middle-aged patients with maintenance hemodialysis.Methods A total of 108 middle-aged and young patients with maintenance hemodialysis admitted to our hospital from July 2022 to September 2023 were randomly assigned to two groups using a random number table:the control group and the experimental group,with 54 cases in each group.The control group received routine care,while the experimental group received an additional intervention of the health awareness theory education model on top of routine care.The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS),Health Promotion Strategy Questionnaire(SUPPH),and Fluid Intake Compliance Survey were used to compare the negative emotions,self-efficacy,and fluid intake compliance between the two groups before and after intervention.Complications and dialysis efficiency were also observed during the intervention period.Results After the intervention,the SUPPH scores and fluid intake compliance scores of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05),while the HADS scores were lower(P<0.05).The incidence and risk of complications in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group,and dialysis efficacy indicators,including serum creatinine(SCr),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),and glomerular filtration rate(GFR),were higher(P<0.05).Conclusions The educational model of health awareness theory can effectively enhance fluid intake compliance in young and middle-aged maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)patients,reduce negative emotions,lower the incidence and risk of hemodialysis complications,and improve patient self-efficacy.

关 键 词：健康意识理论 中青年 维持性血液透析 负性情绪 自我效能 并发症 液体摄入依从性 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]