国内患儿术前实际禁食时间的调查  

Investigation on the actual fasting time of children before surgery in China

作　　者：张彬[1] 潘守东[3] 郭海娟 方浩天 胡卫东[1] 刘国华[2] ZHANG Bin;PAN Shoudong;GUO Haijuan;FANG Haotian;HU Weidong;LIU Guohua(Department of Anesthesiology,Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University,Jinan 250000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学附属儿童医院麻醉科,济南市250000 [2]山东大学附属儿童医院儿科研究所,济南市250000 [3]首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院麻醉科

出　　处：《临床麻醉学杂志》2025年第2期169-175,共7页Journal of Clinical Anesthesiology

基　　金：济南市卫生健康委大数据科技计划(2023-YBD-2-20)。

摘　　要：目的 调查目前国内患儿术前实际禁食的时间。方法 采用《患儿术前实际禁食时间收集表》收集患儿术前实际禁食固体、母乳、配方奶和清液的时间,同时记录患儿年龄、入住医院类别、手术类别,手术名称等信息。分析患儿术前总体实际禁食时间,对比不同类别医院、不同类别手术和不同省级行政区患儿禁食时间的差异。结果 患儿术前实际禁食时间均远超指南建议。与综合性医院比较,儿童医院和妇幼医院患儿禁食固体、配方奶和清液时间明显缩短(P<0.05)。与综合性医院比较,妇幼医院患儿禁食母乳时间明显缩短(P<0.05)。与择期手术比较,急诊手术患儿禁食固体和清液时间明显缩短(P<0.05)。结论 国内患儿术前实际禁食时间远超指南建议,患儿术前禁食管理的现状急需改变。Objective To investigate the actual fasting time of children before surgery in China.Methods Using“Collection Table of Actual Fasting Time Before Surgery in Children”to collect the actual fasting time for solid foods,breast milk,formula milk,and clear fluids in children before surgery.At the same time,the age of children,the type of hospital admitted,the type of surgery,the name of operation and other information were also recorded.The overall actual fasting time of children before surgery was analyzed.The difference of actual fasting time among different types of hospitals,different types of surgery and different provinces were compared.Results The actual fasting time of children before surgery significantly exceeded guideline recommended.Compared with comprehensive hospital,the children in children s hospital and maternity and child care hospital had a significantly shorter fasting time for solids,formula milk and clear fluids(P<0.05).Compared with comprehensive hospital,children in maternity and child care hospital had a significantly shorter fasting time for breast milk(P<0.05).Compared with elective surgery,children undergoing emergency surgery had a significantly shorter fasting time for solids and clear fluids(P<0.05).The fasting time of children in different surgeries and provinces exceeded guideline.Conclusion The actual fasting time of domestic children before surgery is far beyond the guideline recommended,and the current situation of children s preoperative fasting management needs to be changed urgently.

关 键 词：小儿 术前禁食时间 医疗调查 

分 类 号：R726.1[医药卫生—儿科]