术前活动耐量评估的研究进展  

Research progress on preoperative functional capacity assessment

作　　者：黄鸿卿 许珍真[1] 张鸿[1] HUANG Hongqing;XU Zhenzhen;ZHANG Hong(Department of Anesthesiology,Peking University First Hospital,Beijing 100032,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院麻醉科,100032

出　　处：《临床麻醉学杂志》2025年第2期183-188,共6页Journal of Clinical Anesthesiology

摘　　要：全球每年手术量呈现递增的趋势,而在人口老龄化的背景下,许多手术患者具有合并症多、基础条件差、心肺功能较差的特点,增加了术后发生并发症甚至死亡的风险。因此,术前识别高危患者、优化围术期管理至关重要。术前活动耐量评估作为患者术前评估的关键组成部分,不仅能够评估心肺功能,从而全面考量患者是否能够耐受手术麻醉的应激,而且作为术后并发症的预测因子,能够指导麻醉科医师优化围术期管理,保障患者围术期安全,减少术后并发症的发生。术前活动耐量评估的方法主要包括主观和客观两大类。本文对目前术前活动耐量评估的研究进展进行综述,旨在为麻醉科医师提供参考。The volume of surgery in the world is increasing every year.Under the background of aging population,many surgical patients have the characteristics of multiple comorbidities,poor general conditions and cardiopulmonary function,which leads to the increasing risk of postoperative complications and even death.Therefore,it is very important to identify high-risk patients before operation and optimize perioperative management.As a key component of preoperative assessment for patients,functional capacity can not only evaluate cardiopulmonary function,hence comprehensively predicting whether patients can tolerate the strike of surgery and anesthesia,but also be a predictor of postoperative complications,which guides anesthesiologists to improve perioperative management,guarantee patient safety,and reduce the occurrence of postoperative complications.The methods of preoperative functional capacity assessment mainly include subjective and objective categories.This review introduces the research progress of preoperative functional capacity assessment,in order to provide guidance for anesthesiologists.

关 键 词：术前评估 活动耐量 围术期管理 术后并发症 

分 类 号：R614[医药卫生—麻醉学]