水产动物肠道微生物生理功能研究进展  

Research Progress on the Physiological Function of Gut Microbiota in Aquatic Animals

作　　者：潘奕凡 朱晨茜 张世勇[3] 马行空[3] 阚冬奇 葛家春[3] PAN Yifan;ZHU Chenxi;ZHANG Shiyong;MAN Xingkong;KAN Dongqi;GE Jiachun(Aquatic Products Analysis and Testing Center Jiangsu Province,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210017,China;Geography,School of Humanities,Universiti Sains Malaysia,Penang 11800,Malaysia;Jiangsu Province Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210017,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省水产质量检测中心,江苏南京210017 [2]Geography,School of Humanities,Universiti Sains Malaysia,Penang Malaysia 11800 [3]江苏省淡水水产研究所,江苏南京210017

出　　处：《水产养殖》2025年第2期30-36,共7页Journal of Aquaculture

基　　金：江苏省种业振兴揭榜挂帅项目(JBGS〔2021〕126);江苏现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(JATS〔2023〕370);江苏省农业种质资源保护与利用平台项目(JSGB2018-06)。

摘　　要：简述了水产动物肠道微生物研究现状、核心菌群种类和作用。指出,在水产动物肠道中存在着一个纷繁复杂的微生物菌群,其中变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)是最主要的四大细菌门类。肠道微生物菌群受宿主种类、饮食、生长阶段、健康状态及外部环境等多种因素的影响,在促进宿主体内营养物质吸收和代谢、维持宿主肠道微生态平衡、免疫调节和疾病防御等方面都起着至关重要的作用。提出,应结合多组学技术和生物信息学分析,深入研究肠道微生物与宿主之间的复杂的相互作用机制,发现其在水产动物种质资源保护和遗传改良及病害防控等方面的潜在作用。The research status of gut microbiota,the types of core microbial communities and the functional role of aquatic animals were briefly reviewed.It is pointed out that there is a complex microbial community in the gut tract of aquatic animals,among which Proteobacteria,Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria are the four most important bacterial phyla.The gut microbiota plays a vital role in promoting the absorption and metabolism of nutrients in the host,maintaining the balance of the host’s gut microecology,immune regulation and disease defense due to the influence of various factors such as host species,diet,growth stage,health status and external environment.It is proposed that multi-omics technology and bioinformatics analysis should be combined to deeply analyze the complex interaction mechanism between gut microbiota and hosts,and explore their potential roles in the protection of aquatic animal germplasm resources,genetic improvement,and disease prevention and control.

关 键 词：水产养殖 水产动物 肠道微生物菌群 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]