基于线粒体COⅠ基因和ITS1基因的新疆主要孤雌生殖卤虫群体的遗传多样性分析  

Genetic diversity of parthenogenetic Artemia in Xinjiang based on mtDNACOⅠ and ITS1 gene sequences

作　　者：刘静 王智超[1,2] 刘昌财 程勇 LIU Jing;WANG Zhichao;LIU Changcai;CHENG Yong(College of Life Science and Technology,Tarim University,Alar,Xinjiang 843300;State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resource in Tarim Basin,Alar,Xinjiang 843300)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学生命科学与技术学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]塔里木盆地生物资源保护利用省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《塔里木大学学报》2025年第1期11-18,共8页Journal of Tarim University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(32260299)。

摘　　要：为了解新疆主要孤雌生殖卤虫群体的遗传多样性,本试验以线粒体COⅠ基因和ITS1基因为分子标记,对新发现的阿拉哈克盐湖(ALHK)的孤雌生殖卤虫群体的线粒体COⅠ基因和ITS1基因进行PCR扩增、测序,从与新疆艾比湖(AB)、巴里坤盐湖(BRK)和阿其克库勒湖(AQ)3个已知染色体倍性的孤雌生殖卤虫群体间进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明,ALHK、AB、BRK和AQ的孤雌生殖卤虫群体的771 bp线粒体COⅠ基因序列中共检测出多态性位点115个,定义为9种单倍型,基于线粒体COⅠ基因的新疆4个孤雌生殖卤虫群体间呈现较高的单倍型多样度(0.659)和核苷酸多样指数(0.052 179);4个孤雌生殖卤虫群体的1 039 bp ITS1基因序列中共检测出5个多态性位点,定义为3种单倍型,基于ITS1基因的新疆4个孤雌生殖卤虫群体间呈现出低的单倍型多样度(0.353)和低的核苷酸多样性指数(0.000 96)。基于线粒体COⅠ基因的单倍型网络关系图显示ALHK、BRK和AB的孤雌生殖卤虫群体间存在着基因交流,基于线粒体COⅠ基因的分子系统进化树显示新发现的ALHK的孤雌生殖卤虫与BRK的二倍体孤雌生殖卤虫亲缘关系最近。相较于线粒体COⅠ基因,ITS1基因在新疆孤雌生殖卤虫群体间遗传多样性分析中效果较差,这可能是由于核基因进化速度较慢导致的。To investigate the genetic diversity and structure of the main parthenogenetic Artemia in Xinjiang.Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅰ(COⅠ)and internal transcribed spacer 1(ITS1)genes as molecular markers were amplified. Sequencedfrom parthenogenetic Artemia population in Alahake Salt Lake,and genetic diversity among populations(ALHK,AB,BRK andAQ)was analyzed. The results showed that 115 polymorphic sites were tested and 9 haplotypes were defined in 771 bp mtDNA COⅠgene sequences of four populations. High haplotype diversity(0.659)and high nucleotide diversity(0.052 179)were found amongthe four parthenogenetic Artemia populations in Xinjiang based on mtDNA COⅠgenes. 5 polymorphic sites were tested and 3 haplotypeswere defined in 1 039 bp ITS1 gene sequences of four populations. Low haplotype diversity(0.353)and low nucleotide diversity(0.000 96)were found among the four parthenogenetic Artemia populations in Xinjiang based on ITS1 genes. Haplotype network based on mtDNA COⅠgene showed that there was gene flow among parthenogenetic Artemia populations in ALHK,BRK andAB. The phylogenetic tree based on mtDNA COⅠgene showed that the parthenogenetic Artemia from ALHK was closely related tothe diploid parthenogenetic Artemia from BRK. Compared with mtDNA COⅠgenes,ITS1 genes was less effective in the analysis ofgenetic diversity among parthenogenetic Artemia populations in Xinjiang.

关 键 词：孤雌生殖卤虫 线粒体COⅠ基因 ITS1基因 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：Q959.1[生物学—动物学]