发展战略、基础设施与经济增长:基于新结构经济学的研究视角  

Development Strategy,Infrastructure,and Economic Growth:A Perspective Based on New Structural Economics

作　　者：赵秋运 刘瑞盈 蒋美 万岑 ZHAO Qiu-yun;LIU Rui-ying;JIANG Mei;WAN Cen(Institute of New Structural Economics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;School of Finance and Economics,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang,Jiangsu 212013,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学新结构经济学研究院,北京100871 [2]江苏大学财经学院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《江南大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2025年第1期56-74,共19页Journal of Jiangnan University:Humanities & Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金专项项目“中国经济增长与经济结构转型研究:基于新结构经济学的新范式”(72141301)。

摘　　要：发展中国家始终将提高营商环境水平作为促进经济增长的重要议题,却并未达到预期效果,其主要在于忽略了发展战略和硬的基础设施的重要作用。文章利用2002-2022年190个国家的面板数据,构建双向固定效应模型探究发展战略对经济增长的影响,以及软硬基础设施在其中所起作用。研究表明:第一,遵循比较优势的发展战略能够显著促进经济增长。第二,软的基础设施并非实现经济增长的充分条件,硬的基础设施相对于软的基础设施对经济增长的促进作用更显著。第三,遵循比较优势的发展战略能通过改善硬的基础设施促进经济增长。为推动发展中国家实现持续经济繁荣,缩小与发达国家的收入差距,政府应该选择符合比较优势的发展战略,还要建设与比较优势产业相匹配的硬的基础设施。Developing countries have always regarded improving the level of business environment as an important issue to promote economic growth,but the expected effect has not been achieved yet,mainly because the important role of development strategies and infrastructure has been overlooked.The article uses panel data in 190 countries from 2002 to 2022,and constructs a two-way fixed effect model to explore the impact of development strategies on economic growth.The study shows that:(1)Development strategies that follow the comparative advantage can significantly promote economic growth;(2)Soft infrastructure is not a sufficient condition for economic growth,and hard infrastructure has a more significant role in promoting economic growth compared to soft infrastructure;(3)Development strategies that follow the comparative advantage can promote economic growth by improving hard infrastructure.In order to promote sustained economic prosperity in developing countries and narrow the income gap with developed countries,governments should choose development strategies that are in line with their comparative advantage and also build hard infrastructure that matches the industries with comparative advantage.

关 键 词：比较优势 发展战略 基础设施 经济增长 新结构经济学 

分 类 号：F127[经济管理—世界经济] F069.9