基于叶尖间隙自适应测量的转子振动监测  

Rotor Vibration Monitoring Based on Adaptive Blade Tip Clearance Measurement

作　　者：谷昭鹏 王维民[1,3] 米珂嘉[1] 李明龙 GU Zhao-peng;WANG Wei-min;MI Ke-jia;LI Ming-long(College of Electromechanical Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Health Monitoring and Self-recovery for High-end Mechanical Equipment,Beijing 100029,China;Key Laboratory of Engine Health Monitoring Control and Networking of Education Department,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学机电工程学院,北京100029 [2]高端机械装备健康监控与自愈化北京市重点实验室,北京100029 [3]发动机健康监控与网络化教育部重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《航空发动机》2025年第1期158-164,共7页Aeroengine

基　　金：重点研发计划项目课题(2020YFB2010803);国家自然基金重点项目(92160203)资助。

摘　　要：在变转速工况下,为了实现叶尖间隙的高精度测量,对电涡流传感器进行了多转速动态标定,基于动态灵敏度曲线提出了变转速工况下叶尖间隙的自适应测量方法,并通过数值仿真和真实扭转叶片试验台测试对所提出的方法进行了验证。结果表明:所提出的多转速动态标定方法的测量偏差小于9μm,有较高的动态叶尖间隙测量精度。针对航空发动机测点少且测点多位于机匣上的情况,初步提出了基于叶尖间隙测量的4传感器均布轴心轨迹监测方法,在少测点的条件下实现了叶尖间隙、转子振动的同步监测。搭建原理性简易转子模型并进行测试验证,结果表明:根据所监测叶尖间隙信息能准确提取出转子轴心轨迹,验证了该方法在简单转子模型上应用的可行性。In order to realize the high precision measurement of BTC(Blade Tip Clearance)under variable speed conditions,the eddy current sensor was dynamically calibrated at multiple speeds,and the adaptive measurement method of BTC under different speed conditions was proposed based on the dynamic sensitivity curve.The proposed method was validated by numerical simulation and bench tests with twisted blades installed,and the results show that the measurement deviation of the proposed multi-rotational speed dynamic calibration method is less than 9μm,with high accuracy in measuring dynamic BTC.In response to the situation that there are limited measuring points and most of them are located on the aeroengine casing,a preliminary method for monitoring axis trajectory based on uniformly distributed four-sensor BTC measurement was proposed,which realizes the simultaneous monitoring of BTC and rotor vibration under the condition of limited measurement points.A simple principle rotor model was built,and verification tests were conducted,the results show that the rotor axis trajectory can be accurately extracted based on the monitored BTC information,verifying the feasibility of applying the method tosimple rotor models.

关 键 词：叶尖间隙 自适应测量 变转速 少测点监测 转子振动 轴心轨迹 航空发动机 

分 类 号：V231.96[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]