引射工质对高温高超声速层/湍流边界流动的影响  

Effects of Injection Gases on High-temperature Hypersonic Laminar/turbulent Boundary Layer Flow

作　　者：吴心怡 张伦 张雨秋 江中正 吴昌聚[1] 陈伟芳[1] WU Xinyi;ZHANG Lun;ZHANG Yuqiu;JIANG Zhongzheng;WU Changju;CHEN Weifang(School of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学航空航天学院,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《上海航天(中英文)》2025年第1期169-179,共11页Aerospace Shanghai(Chinese&English)

摘　　要：高超声速飞行器面临剧烈气动热问题,对飞行器热防护构成威胁,通过质量引射的主动热防护技术能够有效地降低壁面的摩擦阻力和热流,成为热防护研究的热点。然而,不同工质引射对高温高超声速层/湍流边界层流动的影响规律及区别仍不十分明确,是主动热防护设计亟须解决的气动问题。因此,本文拟选取二维平板模型,采用剪切应力输运(SST)湍流模型,开展考虑质量引射的降热减阻数值模拟研究,分析了3种不同引射工质(水蒸汽、二氧化碳、热解气体)对高温高超声速层/湍流流动的影响。计算结果说明:热解气体引射条件下,层/湍流激波层速度和温度分布差异明显。与无引射相比,3种不同工质引射气体均有效降低了湍流边界层处的速度与温度梯度,进而降低了壁面的摩擦阻力和热流,并且相较于其他2种工质,热解气体引射降热减阻效果最为显著。研究结果还表明:3种引射工质均使得雷诺应力大幅度提升,加剧了湍流的脉动。The thermal protection of hypersonic aircrafts in flight are under the threat of severe aerodynamic thermal problems.The active thermal protection technology through mass injections can effectively reduce the skinfriction and heat flux on the wall,and thus has become a hot topic in thermal protection research.However,the laws and differences in the effects of injection gases on the high-temperature hypersonic laminar/turbulent boundary layer flow are still unclear,and this is an urgent aerodynamic problem to be solved in active thermal protection design.This paper selects a two-dimensional flat model and adopts the shear stress transport(SST)model to conduct numerical simulation research on the heat flux and skin-friction reduction considering injection gases.The effects of three injection gases,i.e.,water vapor,carbon dioxide,and pyrolysis gas,on the high-temperature hypersonic laminar/turbulent flow are analyzed.The results show that under the pyrolysis gas injection,there are significant differences in the velocity and temperature distributions of the laminar/turbulent shock layer.Compared with no injection,the three gases all effectively reduce the velocity and temperature gradient at the turbulent boundary layer,and then reduce the skin-friction and heat flux on the wall.Compared with the other two gases,the pyrolysis gas has the most significant effects on the skin-friction and heat flux reduction.The research results also indicate that the three gases significantly increase the Reynolds stress and intensify the turbulent fluctuation.

关 键 词：壁面质量引射 剪切应力输运(SST)模型 边界层 降热减阻 化学反应 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]