溶剂热温度对煤焦油基多孔碳结构与电化学性能的影响  

Influence of solvothermal temperature on structure and electrochemical characteristics of coal tar-based porous carbon

作　　者：吴鹏 徐鑫圆 薛媛萌 窦强 刘国辉 吕玉庭 Wu Peng;Xu Xinyuan;Xue Yuanmeng;Dou Qiang;Liu Guohui;LüYuting(School of Environmental&Chemical Engineering,Heilongjiang University of Science&Technology,Harbin 150022,China;School of Mining Engineering,Heilongjiang University of Science&Technology,Harbin 150022,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江科技大学环境与化工学院,哈尔滨150022 [2]黑龙江科技大学矿业工程学院,哈尔滨150022

出　　处：《黑龙江科技大学学报》2025年第1期51-58,共8页Journal of Heilongjiang University of Science And Technology

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2023E124)。

摘　　要：为探讨溶剂热温度对多孔碳形成结构和电化学性能的影响,以高温煤焦油为原料,利用溶剂热法制备了碳质中间相,采用氢氧化钾活化法制备多孔碳,通过SEM、FT-IR、XRD和氮气吸附脱附等方法测定了碳质中间相和多孔碳的形貌、结构和热稳定性,分析了溶剂热温度对多孔碳形成过程中微观结构变化的影响,解析了多孔碳结构对其电化学性能的调控规律。结果表明,当溶剂热温度为240℃时,可获得介孔结构发达的类石墨化碳材料,其表面具有较为丰富的含氧基团,这种特殊的结构使多孔碳具有良好的电化学性能,在0.3 A/g的电流密度下,其质量比电容可达275 F/g,以5 A/g电流密度循环2000圈后,电容保持率高达98%。该研究为制备具有良好电化学性能的煤焦油基多孔碳奠定了实践和理论基础。This paper aims to investigate the impact of solvothermal temperature on the structurel and electrochemical properties of porous carbon.The study involves preparing carbonaceous mesophases by using the solvothermal with high-temperature coal tar as raw material,preparing porous carbon by the potassium hydroxide activation method;determining the morphology,structure and thermal stability of the carbonaceous mesophases and porous carbon by using SEM,FT-IR,XRD and nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques,analyzing the impact of solvothermal temperature on microstructural alterations of porous carbon in formation,and analyzing the regulation law of the porous carbon structure on electrochemical characteristics.The result shows that graphitized carbon-like materials with well-developed mesoporous structures and abundant oxygen-containing groups can be obtained at a solvothermal temperature of 240℃.Due to this unique structure,the porous carbon exhibits good electrochemical characteristics with a mass-specific capacitance of up to 275 F/g at a current density of 0.3 A/g,and at a current density of 5 A/g cycling 2000 times,the capacitance retention rate can reach 98%.This study provides a theoretical and practical basis for preparing the porous carbon on coal tar-based with favorable electrochemical characteristics.

关 键 词：煤焦油 溶剂热温度 多孔碳 电化学性能 

分 类 号：TQ127.11[化学工程—无机化工]