中国数字基础设施的劳动力资源再配置效应  

A Study on the Labor Resource Reallocation Effect of China's Digital Infrastructure

作　　者：刘伟江[1] 郝一哲 李京京 Liu Weijiang;Hao Yizhe;Li Jingjing(Center for Quantitative Economics,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China;School of Business and Management,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China;Institute of Science and Technology Information of Jilin Province,Changchun 130033,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学数量经济研究中心,吉林长春130012 [2]吉林大学商学与管理学院,吉林长春130012 [3]吉林省科学技术信息研究所,吉林长春130033

出　　处：《数量经济研究》2024年第4期30-52,共23页The Journal of Quantitative Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“大数据方法在宏观经济预测中的应用研究”(23&ZD075)的资助。

摘　　要：健全的数字基础设施有助于劳动力资源高效配置和新质生产力培育发展。本文将数字基础设施引入一个多部门竞争均衡资源配置模型,以2010~2021年我国279个地级及以上城市为样本,评估了中国数字基础设施在劳动力配置中的作用及路径。研究表明,以“宽带中国”政策作为代理变量的数字基础设施对劳动力资源存在再配置效应,该结论经诊断性检验后仍具有稳健性;数字基础设施对劳动力资源的再配置效应存在由城市区位、资本配置造成的异质性;中国数字基础设施通过提高劳动技能溢价、劳动福利两种机制影响劳动力配置效率,财税结构和市场分割对数字基础设施的劳动力资源再配置效应存在调节效应。本文揭示了数字基础设施与劳动力配置的数理关系,为数字时代中国劳动力配置提供了理论诠释。Sound digital infrastructure contributes to the efficient allocation of labor resources and the development of new quality productivity.This paper introduces digital infrastructure into a multi-sector competitive equilibrium resource allocation model,using data from 279 cities at the prefecture level or above in China from 2010 to 2021 as samples,to evaluate the role and pathways of China's digital infrastructure in labor allocation.The study finds that:Digital infra⁃structure,represented by the“Broadband China”policy as a proxy variable,has a reconfigu⁃ration effect on labor resources,and this conclusion remains robust after diagnostic tests;There is heterogeneity in the reconfiguration effect of digital infrastructure on labor resources due to differences in urban location and capital allocation;China's digital infrastructure affects labor resource reallocation effect through two mechanisms:increasing labor skills premium and labor welfare.This study reveals the mathematical relationship between digital infrastructure and labor allocation,providing a theoretical explanation for the economic role of labor allocation and the digital economy in China.

关 键 词：数字基础设施 劳动力资源再配置效应 “宽带中国”政策 劳动技能溢价 

分 类 号：F623[经济管理—产业经济]