平头弹冲击下复合材料层合板抗侵彻特性研究  

Research on the Anti‑Penetration Characteristics of Composite Laminates Under Impact of Flat‑Nosed Projectile

作　　者：郭安肖 高经武 蔡宣明[1] 于弘兴 马沛冉 GUO Anxiao;GAO Jingwu;CAI Xuanming;YU Hongxing;MA Peiran(School of Aerospace Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学航空宇航学院,山西太原030051

出　　处：《中北大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期27-34,共8页Journal of North University of China(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：省部共建动态测试技术国家重点实验室基金资助项目(2022-SYSJJ-03)。

摘　　要：为探明碳纤维增强复合材料(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer,CFRP)在高速冲击加载下的力学响应和损伤失效机制,对碳纤维复合材料层合板抗侵彻特性及响应机制展开了研究。基于Hashin损伤准则,采用Cohesive界面单元,建立了考虑分层损伤的碳纤维复合材料层合板在平头子弹侵彻下的数值模拟模型,通过数值模拟计算研究了复合材料层合板在高速冲击侵彻下的吸能特性以及损伤失效模式。根据经典弹道极限理论分析,确定了CFRP层合板的弹道极限,研究了在高速冲击载荷加载下CFRP层合板的损伤演化过程,分析了层合板的损伤机理。结果表明:CFRP层合板吸能特性呈双线性关系,随着冲击能量的增加,层合板能量吸收呈现先快速升高后逐渐平缓的特征;在高速侵彻的冲击作用下,CFRP层合板最先发生着弹点处纤维拉伸断裂,此后损伤破坏区域沿应力薄弱路径扩散,导致基体压溃和层合板背部的鼓包,随后演变为分层损伤,最后发生纤维束劈裂等破坏模式;在高速冲击载荷下层合板下方铺层区域破坏程度逐渐增大,纤维层铺设角度的差异性致使层合板的层间受力状况随之改变,从而使得各层之间形成了多样的破坏区域。In order to investigate the mechanical response and damage failure mechanism of carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP)under high-speed impact loading,the penetration resistance characteristics and response mechanism of carbon fiber composite laminates was studied.Based on the Hashin damage criterion,and using Cohesive interface elements,a numerical simulation model of carbon fiber composite laminates considering delamination damage under flat-nosed projectile penetration was established.The numerical simulation was used to study the energy absorption characteristics and damage failure modes of composite laminates under high-speed impact penetration.According to the classical ballistic limit theory,the ballistic limit of the CFRP laminates was determined,and the damage evolution process of the CFRP laminates under high-speed impact loading was studied,meanwhile the damage mechanism of the laminate was analyzed.The results show that the energy absorption characteristics of the CFRP laminate exhibit a bilinear relationship.With the increase of impact energy,the energy absorption of the laminate first rapidly increases and then gradually leveles off.Under the impact of high-speed penetration,the CFRP laminates first experiences fiber tension fracture at the impact point,followed by the spreading of damage rupture areas along stress weak paths,leading to matrix compression and the formation of bulges on the back of the laminate,subsequently evolving into delamination damage,and finally resulting in fracture modes such as fiber bundle splitting.The degree of damage in the lower layer region of the laminate gradually increases under high-speed impact loading.The differential laying angles of the fiber layers causes the change in the interlayer stress conditions of the laminate,and leades to various damage areas among the layers.

关 键 词：碳纤维复合材料层合板 抗侵彻 弹道极限 能量吸收 冲击载荷 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]