历史城市非常态水体的时空演变研究——以北京老城广安门内片区为例  

TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL EVOLUTION OF UNSTEADY WATER BODIES IN HISTORIC CITIES:A CASE STUDY OF INNER GUANG'ANMEN AREA IN THE OLD CITY OF BEIJING

作　　者：杨玉成 刘祎绯[1,3,4] YANG Yucheng;LIU Yifei

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院 [2]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 [3]杭州国际城市学研究中心 [4]中国城币规划学会

出　　处：《城市规划》2025年第2期23-33,共11页City Planning Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“北京老城文化景观眺望遗产的系统识别、特征评价与保护方法研究”(52078040);“城市历史景观框架下古城意象的多尺度研究”(51608035);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“‘古代图文中的朝阳门内意象’历史空间研究”(2021SCZ04);北京林业大学专业学位研究生课程案例库建设项目“城市历史景观课程案例库建设”(KCAL24013);杭州城市更新与文化传承研究院项目共同资助。

摘　　要：在北京老城及其周边曾分布有数量众多的常态与非常态水体,但随着城市开发建设已消失殆尽,非常态水体因为难以长时间存续的特点,更容易被忽视。北京老城丰富的古旧地图、测绘、文献等各个时期的历史资料为历史非常态水体的精确转译与比较分析提供了数据基础。以北京老城外城的广安门内片区为例,从总体和个体两个层面,复原与分析清中期至清末、民国时期、改革开放前和改革开放后四个时期非常态水体的形态演变情况,并对其分布与规模的形态特征展开综合时空对比。最后指出,历史非常态水体的复原研究可以为精细化的城市更新规划设计提供参考,包括恢复历史水系、保护历史风貌、塑造滨水空间、建设海绵城市等专项规划工作。Many steady and unsteady water bodies surrounded the Old City of Beijing and its suburban area.However,most of them have disappeared during urban development and construction.Moreover,the unsteady water bodies are more likely to be ignored because of the difficulty in maintaining their stability.The abundant amounts of historical maps,geomatics,and documents from different ages provide the data foundations for translating and comparing changes of unsteady water bodies within a precise spatial and temporal framework.Taking the Inner Guang'anmen area of the Old City of Beijing as an example,the morphological evolution of unsteady water bodies is examined and analyzed at both overall and individual levels across four periods:the mid to late Qing Dynasty,the Republic of China era,the pre-reform and opening-up period,and the post-reform and opening-up period.This paper comprehensively compares the morphological characteristics of their distribution and scale in the spatial and temporal frame.Finally,it is pointed out that the research on the restoration of historical unsteady water bodies provides valuable references for refined urban renewal planning and design,as well as the restoration of historical water systems,the protection of historical landscapes,the shaping of waterfront spaces,and the development of sponge city.

关 键 词：非常态水体 历史水系 时空框架 北京老城 历史街区 

分 类 号：TU984.2[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]