一株烟叶霉变真菌的分离鉴定及其致霉因素研究  

Isolation and Identification of a Fungus from Moldy Tobacco Leaf and Study on Its Mold-causing Factors

作　　者：项波卡[1] 周钻钻 冯佳卉 夏琛[1] 李奇[1] 陈春 XIANG Bo-ka;ZHOU Zuan-zuan;FENG Jia-hui;XIA Chen;LI Qi;CHEN Chun(China Tobacco Zhejiang Industry Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310000;China Jiliang University,College of Life Sciences,College of Innovation,Hangzhou 310018)

机构地区：[1]浙江中烟工业有限责任公司,杭州310000 [2]中国计量大学生命科学学院创新学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2025年第2期321-330,共10页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：浙江中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目(2021330000340287);国家自然科学基金项目(31461143030)。

摘　　要：【目的】开展烟叶霉变真菌的生物学研究对卷烟产业具有重要经济意义。【方法】利用平板分离法对致霉真菌进行分离纯化,利用测序技术和遗传进化分析对所得菌株进行鉴定,利用回接试验对所得菌株进行致霉性检测,利用生长检测确定所得菌株的致霉因素,利用模型模拟确定致霉因素的相关性。【结果】从霉变烟叶表面分离得到一株致霉真菌,经形态学及ITS序列同源性分析确定该菌株与Penicillium citrinum具有99.82%的同源性;致霉性实验证实,该菌株在相对湿度90%条件下可以导致烟叶霉变。致霉因素分析发现,该菌株的最适菌落生长及产孢条件为30℃和水活度为0.99。Gompertz模型模拟和因子分析表明,烟叶发生霉变与烟叶接触到的初始真菌孢子数量无显著的相关性,但与温度、水活度和温度水活度的互作密切相关。【结论】证实了Penicillium citrinum CY-H4具有致霉能力,温度和水活度是该菌引发烟叶霉变的主要致霉因素。【Objective】Conducting biological research on mold-causing fungi mold in tobacco leaves is of significantly economic importance to the cigarette industry.【Method】In this study,the plate separation method was employed to isolate and purify mold-causing fungi from tobacco leaves.Sequencing technology and phylogenetic analysis were used to identify the obtained strains,while a back-crossing test was conducted to confirm their pathogenicity.The mold-causing factors of the strains were determined through growth assays,and model simulations were utilized to assess the relevance of mold-causing factors.【Resul】A mold-causing fungus was isolated from the surface of moldy tobacco leaves,and morphological and ITS sequence homology analysis identified the strain as closely related to Penicillium citrinum,and homology was 99.82%.The pathogenicity test confirmed that this strain,under conditions of 90%relative humidity,induced mold growth on tobacco leaves.The analysis of moldcausing factors revealed that the optimal conditions for colony growth and sporulation of this strain were 30℃and a water activity of 0.99.Gompertz model simulation demonstrated that the onset of mold in tobacco leaves was not significantly correlated with the initial number of fungal spores but was strongly influenced by temperature,water activity,and the interaction between these two factors.【Conclusion】It is confirmed that P.citrinum CY-H4 possessed mold-causing ability,and temperature and water activity are identified as the primary factors causing mold on tobacco leaves.

关 键 词：分离鉴定 烟叶霉变 致霉 模型模拟 

分 类 号：S57[农业科学—作物学]