大理市博物馆藏木雕文殊菩萨像木材鉴定  

Identification of wood used for the Manjusri Bodhisattva statue in the collection of Dali Museum

作　　者：刘洁 曹秀龙 邱冬妮 方妍岚 郭玲妃 甘昌涛[2] 邱坚[2] LIU Jie;CAO Xiulong;QIU Dongni;FANG Yanlan;GUO Lingfei;GAN Changtao;QIU Jian(Yunnan Provincial Museum,Kunming 650206,China;Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products(Southwest Forestry University),Kunming 650224,China;Department of Archaeology and Art History,Korea University,Sejong 30019,South Korea;Dali Museum,Dali 671003,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省博物馆,云南昆明650206 [2]云南省木材胶黏剂及胶合制品重点实验室(西南林业大学),云南昆明650224 [3]高丽大学考古美术史学系,韩国世宗30019 [4]大理市博物馆,云南大理671003

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2025年第1期62-71,共10页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

基　　金：云南省基础研究重点项目(202001AS070044)资助。

摘　　要：为了确定大理市博物馆藏文殊菩萨木雕用材树种,分别采用木材解剖技术和DNA条形码技术对其进行比较鉴定。解剖比对结果显示,文殊菩萨木雕用材的微观构造特征与云南樟(Cinnamomum glanduliferum)标本接近,主要细胞形态特征与云南樟无显著差异,可初步鉴定文殊菩萨木雕用材树种隶属于樟科(Lauraceae)樟属,但不能确定为云南樟,因此通过采用DNA条形码进一步鉴定。DNA条形码比对结果表明,对于文殊菩萨木雕与云南樟标本鉴定的5个DNA条形码,rpoC1、rbcL和matK的分辨率低,只能将2种木材样品鉴定到属的级别;而trnH-GUG和psbA-trnH具有较高的分辨率,能将2种木材样品鉴定到云南樟的具体种;NJ系统发育分析结果表明,2种木材样品和所选的樟科树种可以准确聚类。DNA条形码技术可以实现大理市博物馆藏木雕文殊菩萨像木材种类的快速且准确鉴定。In order to make clear the tree species of wood used for the Manjusri Bodhisattva statue in the collection of Dali Museum,wood anatomy and DNA barcoding technologies were used for comparison and identification.The result of anatomical comparison shows that the microstructural characteristics of the wood used for the Manjusri Bodhisattva statue were similar to those of the Cinnamomum glanduliferum specimen,and the main cell morphological characteristics were not significantly different from those of Cinnamomum glanduliferum,so it could be preliminarily determined that the tree species of wood used for the statue belonged to the genus,Lauraceae Cinnamomum,but it could not be identified as Cinnamomum glanduliferum.Therefore,further identification was carried out using DNA barcoding.The result of DNA barcode comparison shows that among the five DNA barcodes used for the comparison between the Manjusri Bodhisattva statue and the Cinnamomum glanduliferum specimen,rpoC1,rbcL and matK had low resolutions and could only identify the samples to the genus level,but trnH-GUG and psbA-trnH had high resolutions and could identify the samples as being Cinnamomum glanduliferum.The result of neighbor-joining(NJ)phylogenetic analysis shows that the two wood samples and the selected Lauraceae tree species could be accurately clustered.The DNA barcoding technology could achieve rapid and accurate identification of the tree species of wood used for the Manjusri Bodhisattva statue in the collection of Dali Museum.

关 键 词：文殊菩萨木雕 古木鉴定 木材解剖 DNA提取 DNA条形码 

分 类 号：K876.6[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]