基于改进U2-Net的指针式仪表读数识别方法  

Pointer meter reading recognition method based on improved U2⁃Net

作　　者：李丽 乔逸天 黄小龙 谢维成 蒋文波 LI Li;QIAO Yitian;HUANG Xiaolong;XIE Weicheng;JIANG Wenbo(Unit 91001 of PLA,Beijing 100841,China;School of Electrical Engineering and Electronic Information,Xihua University,Chengdu 610039,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军91001部队,北京100841 [2]西华大学电气与电子信息学院,四川成都610039

出　　处：《现代电子技术》2025年第5期169-174,共6页Modern Electronics Technique

基　　金：四川省科技成果转移转化项目(2022ZHCG0099);国家自然科学基金项目(61875166)。

摘　　要：针对仪表表盘光照不均和几何失真影响仪表关键区域提取、读数识别准确率的问题,提出一种基于改进U2-Net的仪表校正与读数识别方法。首先通过加入坐标注意力机制的U2-Net模型识别并分割出仪表表盘区域,随后采用改进透视变换技术对表盘区域进行几何校正,实现不同形状的仪表几何校正;再引入自适应MSRCR算法对表盘光照不均区域进行光照校正;最后,通过U2-Net对校正后的图像进行指针分割和关键刻度点分割,采用PCA拟合指针所在的直线,得到指针偏转角度并通过角度法计算准确读数。实验结果表明,该方法能够在光照不足或光照过强的情况下有效恢复仪表关键信息区域,并能够有效校正不同形状的倾斜仪表,提升了指针和刻度信息提取的准确度,且读数误差率低于0.89%。In view of the uneven illumination and the fact that the geometric distortion affects the extraction of key areas and the accuracy rate of reading recognition for instrument dials,a method based on improved U2-Net for instrument correction and reading recognition is proposed.Firstly,a U2-Net model with an integrated coordinate attention mechanism is employed to identify and segment the instrument dial area.Subsequently,an improved perspective transformation technique is used for geometric correction of the dial area,achieving geometric corrections for meters of various shapes.An adaptive MSRCR algorithm is then introduced to correct the unevenly illuminated areas of the dial.Finally,the U2-Net is used to segment the corrected image for pointers and key scale points.The pointer line is fitted with PCA to obtain the pointer deflection angle,and the accurate reading is calculated with the angular method.Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively recover key information areas of meters under conditions of insufficient or excessive illumination,and can correct inclined meters of different shapes effectively.In addition,it enhances the accuracy of pointer and scale information extraction,with a reading error rate lower than 0.89%.

关 键 词：指针式仪表 光照校正 失真校正 U2-Net 仪表读数 MSRCR 

分 类 号：TN609-34[电子电信—电路与系统] TP273[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]