海棠锈病的药剂防治试验  

Chemical Control Experiment for Crabapple Rust Disease

作　　者：康静轩 王璐 董文静 甄志先[1,2] KANG Jing-xuan;WANG Lu;DONG Wen-jing;ZHEN Zhi-xian(Forestry College of Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding Hebei 071000,China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Forest Germplasm Resources and Forest Protection,Baoding Hebei 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学林学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北省林木种质资源与森林保护重点实验室,河北保定071000

出　　处：《北方果树》2025年第2期10-13,共4页Northern Fruits

基　　金：林木现代种业科技创新团队(21326301D)。

摘　　要：海棠是雄安新区城市森林中应用的重要树种,近年来海棠锈病大量发生,严重影响其绿化、美化功能。作者选择5种药剂,研究对海棠锈病担孢子的抑制作用,以及不同药剂防治锈病的有效期和用药时间。结果表明,抑制担孢子萌发效果较好的药剂是三唑酮1200倍、代森锰锌500倍、氟硅唑2200倍、苯醚甲环唑2200倍、百菌清600倍液,抑制率分别为91.84%、92.00%、93.22%、93.88%、93.25%。用药后第3天接种,代森锰锌、百菌清、氟硅唑、三唑酮、苯醚甲环唑防治效果达90%以上的有效期为17d;用药后第5天接种,代森锰锌和百菌清防效达到82%以上的有效期为19d;用药后第7天接种,百菌清和代森锰锌的防效达到70%左右的有效期为21d。先接种后用药的试验表明,发现病害后越早用药防治效果越好,及时用药的时间是发病后的第3天。Crabapple was an important tree species used in urban forests in Xiong’an New Area.In recent years,numerous cases of crabapple rust disease have emerged,seriously affecting the greening and beautification functions.The author chose five pesticides to investigate inhibitory effects on the spores of crabapple rust disease,along with examining the effective duration and application timing of different pesticides for rust disease control.The results revealed that the most efficacious agents for suppressing the germination of basidiospores were triazolone 1200 times liquid,mancozeb 500 times liquid,fluazuron 2200 times liquid,benzothiazole 2200 times liquid,and chlorothalonil 600 times liquid,achieving inhibition rates of 91.84%,92.00%,93.22%,93.88%and 93.25%,respectively.When inoculated on the third day after pesticide application,mancozeb,chlorothalonil,fluazuron,triazolone,and benzothiazole demonstrated an effective period of 17 days with an efficacy rate exceeding 90%.On the fifth day after application,mancozeb and chlorothalonil remained effective for 19 days with a control efficacy exceeding 82%.After seven days of pesticide application,chlorothalonil and mancozeb maintained an efficacy of approximately 70%for 21 days.Experiments involving inoculation prior to pesticide application indicated that earlier intervention with medication resulted in superior prevention and treatment outcomes.The optimal time for timely medication was on the third day after the onset of the disease.

关 键 词：海棠 锈病 保护作用 治疗效果 

分 类 号：S661.4[农业科学—果树学]