加氢装置换热器垢下腐蚀原因及预防方法  

Causes of Heat Exchanger Corrosion under Scale in Hydrogenation Units and Corresponding Prevention Methods

作　　者：李通通 LI Tong-tong(Zhonghai Liqing Co.,Ltd.,Binzhou Shandong 256600,China)

机构地区：[1]中海沥青股份有限公司,山东滨州256600

出　　处：《化肥设计》2025年第1期66-69,共4页Chemical Fertilizer Design

摘　　要：加氢装置在工业生产中扮演着重要的角色,换热器是其核心设备之一。然而,换热器在运行过程中常受到垢下腐蚀的影响,进而降低设备的效率。因此,探究加氢装置换热器垢下腐蚀的原因及预防方法成为亟待解决的问题。首先,通过对换热器设计结构和工作原理的深入分析,找出了垢下腐蚀的主要原因。其次,对换热器内部的腐蚀样本进行分析,通过金相显微镜观察腐蚀表面及组织结构,利用电化学方法测定腐蚀速率和腐蚀产物成分,进一步揭示腐蚀机理。最后,针对垢下腐蚀问题,提出了一系列预防措施。结果表明:垢下腐蚀主要受到金属表面附着物的影响,而垢层中的氯离子是促进腐蚀的主要因素之一。The hydrogenation unit plays an important role in industrial production,and the heat exchanger is one of its core equipment.However,the heat exchanger is often affected by under-scale corrosion during operation,which reduces the efficiency of the equipment.Therefore,it is urgent to explore the causes and prevention methods of heat exchanger corrosion under scale in hydrogenation units.Firstly,through deep analysis of the design structure and working principle of the heat exchanger,the main reasons for corrosion under scale are identified.Secondly,the corrosion samples inside the heat exchanger are analyzed,the corrosion surface and microstructure are observed via metallographic microscope,and the corrosion rate and the composition of corrosion products are determined by electrochemical method to further reveal the corrosion mechanism.Finally,a series of preventive measures are put forward to solve the problem of corrosion under scale.The results show that corrosion under scale is mainly affected by metal surface attachments,and the chloride ion in scale layer is one of the main factors facilitating corrosion.

关 键 词：加氢装置 换热器 结垢 腐蚀原因 预防方法 

分 类 号：TE986[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]