大五人格特征及情绪对2型糖尿病患者自我管理行为的预测作用  

Predictive effect of Big Five personality and emotion on self-management behavior of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

作　　者：付文[1] 徐珏[1] 姜彩霞[1] 刘仕俊[1] 裘欣[1] Fu Wen;Xu Jue;Jiang Caixia;Liu Shijun;Qiu Xin(Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Hangzhou Health Supervision Institute),Hangzhou 310017,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州市疾病预防控制中心(杭州市卫生监督所),杭州310017

出　　处：《中华健康管理学杂志》2025年第2期99-105,共7页Chinese Journal of Health Management

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金(LTGY24H260006);浙江省疾病预防控制科技计划项目(2025JK034);杭州市农业与社会发展领域公益性科研引导项目(20241029Y079)。

摘　　要：目的分析大五人格特征及情绪对2型糖尿病患者自我管理行为的预测作用。方法本研究为横断面研究。2016—2020年于杭州市开展慢性病患者自我管理社区干预工作,以全市69个社区卫生服务中心招募的2型糖尿病患者为研究对象,本研究数据来源于社区干预中获取的基线资料。采用中国大五人格问卷(CBF-PI-15)、2型糖尿病自我管理行为量表(2-DSCS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS)进行问卷评估,并对餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白(HbA 1c)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)等生化指标进行检测。采用Spearman相关性分析探讨人格、相关生化指标与自我管理行为的相关性。采用分层回归分析方法,在校正人口学特征及患病情况相关因素后,评估大五人格及情绪对自我管理行为的预测作用。结果纳入研究的839例患者中,女性518例(61.75%),男性321例(38.25%),年龄为(66.92±8.67)岁,病程为(8.87±6.91)年。不同病程、文化程度、治疗方式及不同程度焦虑、抑郁情绪的糖尿病患者自我管理行为得分存在差异(t/F=6.172、3.340、4.699、16.007、27.127,均P<0.05)。神经质人格与自我管理行为多维度呈负性相关(r=-0.130~-0.073),尽责性、宜人性人格与自我管理行为多维度呈正相关(r=0.072~0.215)。饮食控制评分与HbA 1c、LDL-C呈负相关(r=-0.106、-0.077),规律锻炼评分与餐后2 h血糖、HbA 1c、TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C呈负相关(r=-0.115~-0.071),2-DSCS总分与HbA 1c、TG、TC呈负相关(r=-0.104~-0.071)。病程超过15年、注射胰岛素、服药+注射胰岛素的患者2-DSCS总分较高(β=0.085、0.146、0.118,均P<0.05),HbA 1c、SDS标准分高的患者2-DSCS总分较低(β=-0.151、-0.328,均P<0.05),宜人性评分高的患者2-DSCS总分较高(β=0.143,P<0.05)。结论大五人格特征中的神经质、尽责性、宜人性人格及焦虑、抑郁情绪均与�ObjectiveTo analyze the predictive effects of the Big Five personality traits and emotions on self-management behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).MethodsThis study was a cross-sectional research.From 2016 to 2020,community interventions for self-management among patients with chronic diseases were conducted in Hangzhou,targeting patients with type 2 diabetes recruited from 69 community health service centers across the city.The data for this study were derived from the baseline information collected during the community intervention.The Chinese Big Five Personality Inventory(CBF-PI-15),the Type 2 Diabetes Self-Management Scale(2-DSCS),the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),and the Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS)were employed for questionnaire assessments.Biochemical indicators,including postprandial 2-hour blood glucose,glycated hemoglobin(HbA 1c),total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),were measured.Spearman correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between personality traits,relevant biochemical indicators,and self-management behaviors.Hierarchical regression analysis was employed to assess the predictive effects of the Big Five personality traits and emotions on self-management behaviors after controlling for demographic characteristics and factors related to health status.ResultsA total of 839 patients were included in this study,comprising 518 females(61.75%)and 321 males(38.25%),with an average age of(66.92±8.67)years and an average disease duration of(8.87±6.91)years.There were significant differences in self-management behavior scores among patients with varying disease durations,educational levels,treatment methods,and levels of anxiety and depression(t/F=6.172,3.340,4.699,16.007,27.127,all P<0.05).Neuroticism showed a negative correlation with various dimensions of self-management behaviors(r=-0.130--0.073),while conscientiousness and agreeableness were positively correlated w

关 键 词：糖尿病 2型 自我管理行为 人格 焦虑 抑郁 

分 类 号：R587.1[医药卫生—内分泌]