四川盆地德阳—安岳克拉通内裂陷成因及其与原特提斯洋的联系  

Genesis of the Deyang-Anyue intracratonic rift in the Sichuan Basin and its connection with the Proto-Tethys Ocean

作　　者：张帅 罗冰 汪泽成[1] 谢武仁[1] ZHANG Shuai;LUO Bing;WANG Zecheng;XIE Wuren(PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,Beijing 100083,China;Research Institute of Exploration and Development,PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京市海淀区100083 [2]中国石油西南油气田公司勘探开发研究院,四川省成都市610041

出　　处：《天然气工业》2025年第2期37-50,共14页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：国家科技重大专项项目“寒武系—中新元古界盆地原型、烃源岩与成藏条件研究”(编号:2016ZX05004-001);中国石油天然气股份有限公司科学研究与技术开发项目“陆相深层超深层油气富集规律与勘探评价技术研究”(编号:2021DJ02)。

摘　　要：德阳—安岳克拉通内裂陷及其周缘震旦系—寒武系是四川盆地重要的天然气勘探开发层系,裂陷对盆地震旦系—寒武系的沉积、成储与成藏有显著的控制作用,但业界对裂陷的成因认识存在较大的分歧,存在早震旦世灯影期和早震旦世灯影期后2种启动时间认识以及继承性发育的裂谷盆地、侵蚀槽以及拉张侵蚀槽等3种成因观点,此外还有裂陷内上震旦统灯影组缺失与否、硅质岩成因等问题悬而未决,制约了对盆地深层/超深层天然气成藏规律与地质条件的认识。为此,在综合分析前人关于裂陷成因观点、总结目前研究进展及存在问题的基础上,结合震旦纪—寒武纪重大转折期(ECT)超大陆和全球性冰期旋回、原特提斯洋构造演化和扬子板块古纬度变化等重大地质事件,探讨了德阳—安岳克拉通内裂陷成因及其与原特提斯洋的联系。研究结果表明:①德阳—安岳克拉通内裂陷的形成受控于ECT期间不同规模的地质作用,全球及区域构造域规模的地质作用是形成内裂陷的主控因素;②德阳—安岳克拉通内裂陷是具有弧后伸展性质的构造单元,早寒武世发生了由伸展向挤压的构造转换并于早寒武世沧浪铺期消亡;③四川盆地震旦系—寒武系含油气系统的形成受控于ECT期间扬子板块向低纬度地区的快速漂移,低纬度地区温度、大气降水以及大量输入的营养物质等条件有利于烃源岩与储层的发育。结论认为,区域构造域及盆地规模的地质事件对于小克拉通构造分异及含油气系统的形成至关重要,是有利生—储—盖组合的主控因素,明确了深层/超深层天然气勘探开发的方向。The Sinian-Cambrian strata in the Deyang-Anyue intracratonic rift and its surrounding areas serve as targets of natural gas exploration and development in the Sichuan Basin.This rift significantly controls the sedimentation,reservoir formation,and accumulation of natural gas throughout the Sinian-Cambrian strata.However,there are significant differences in the viewpoints on the genesis of the rift.It is generally believed that the rift was activated during or after the deposition of Early Sinian Dengying Formation,and originated from inherited rift basin,erosion trough,and tension-erosion trough.Additionally,the presence or absence of the Upper Sinian Dengying Formation within the rift and the genesis of siliceous rocks remain unclear,which hinders our understanding on the natural gas accumulation and geological conditions in deep/ultra-deep strata within the basin.Based on a comprehensive analysis of previous views on the rift genesis,and a review of previous studies and existing issues,and considering key geological events such as the supercontinent and global glacial cycles,the tectonic evolution of the Proto-Tethys Ocean,and the paleolatitude changes of the Yangtze Plate,in the Ediacaran-Cambrian Transition(ECT)period,this paper explores the genesis of the Deyang-Anyue intracratonic rift and its connection with the Proto-Tethys Ocean.The results are obtained in three aspects.First,the formation of the Deyang-Anyue intracratonic rift is controlled by geological processes in different scales during the ECT,with global and regional tectonic domains being the main controlling factors.Second,the Deyang-Anyue intracratonic rift is a tectonic unit with the nature of back-arc extension.It underwent a tectonic transition from extension to compression during the Early Cambrian,and disappeared during the Early Cambrian Canglangpu period.Third,the formation of the Sinian-Cambrian petroleum system in the Sichuan Basin is controlled by the rapid drift of the Yangtze Plate towards low-latitude regions during the ECT,where t

关 键 词：四川盆地 德阳—安岳克拉通内裂陷 震旦系—下寒武统 成因机制 原特提斯洋 

分 类 号：TE121.3[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]