复杂地形条件下毒害性气体扩散实时模拟与可视化——以四川盆地川东北高含硫气田为例  

Real-time simulation and visualization of toxic gas dispersion in complex terrains:A case study of a high-sulfur gas field in northeastern Sichuan Basin

作　　者：姜云 李丁川 沈若飞 李梅 张溶倩 李元琛 JIANG Yun;LI Dingchuan;SHEN Ruofei;LI Mei;ZHANG Rongqian;LI Yuanchen(CDB Operating Company,PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company,Dazhou,Sichuan 610020,China;College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Beijing Longruan Technologies,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油西南油气田公司川东北作业分公司,四川省成都市610020 [2]北京大学城市与环境学院,北京市100871 [3]北京龙软科技股份有限公司

出　　处：《天然气工业》2025年第2期136-145,共10页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：中国石油西南油气田公司科技计划项目“新一代社区应急管理平台总体设计与应用研究”(编号:20220207-01)。

摘　　要：危化行业毒害性气体扩散模拟主要用于风险评估和环境评价,然而复杂地形下的气体扩散实时计算方法研究较少。四川盆地川东北地区罗家寨高含硫气田地处川渝山区,大部分生产设施靠近高密度人口区域,面临的安全环保风险挑战大。为了解决毒害性气体泄漏实时模拟与应急响应的现实需要问题,在系统分析高含硫气田毒害性扩散模型基础上,基于自动输入管线泄漏监测系统和气象系统的实时数据,提出了改进型复杂地形条件下的CALPUFF大气扩散模型计算方法,成功开发了川东北高含硫气田应急响应系统(Emergency Response/Management System,ERMS),有效支撑了高含硫气田的安全高效开发。研究结果表明:①通过改进CALPUFF模型参数文件,能够接入泄漏数据和气象数据,根据地形数据生成精细化三维风场,实现了泄漏气体扩散的实时动态计算;②该法适用于应急场景中的小尺度突发情况下的情景模拟,面向应急的毒害性气体模拟结果与环评模型结果基本一致;③该模型能够在2 min之内输出计算结果,满足了现场突发事故发生时实时快速计算和动态模拟的需求。结论认为,考虑复杂地形和实时监测的大气扩散模型实时计算方法有效解决了毒害性气体扩散实时模拟难题,研发的应急响应系统与泄漏监测系统、社区报警系统形成联动,为应急响应提供重要的决策支持。Simulation of toxic gas dispersion in dangerous chemicals industries is primarily used for risk assessment and environmental impact assessment(EIA).However,real-time computational methods for gas diffusion in complex terrains have been rarely studied.The Luojiachai high-sulfur gas field in northeastern Sichuan Basin is located in the mountainous areas of the Sichuan-Chongqing region,where most of the production facilities are close to densely populated areas,thus significant safety and environmental risks are posed.To address the challenges in real-time simulation of toxic gas leakage and emergency responses,an improved computational method based on the CALPUFF atmospheric dispersion model in complex terrains is proposed after a systematic analysis of toxic diffusion model for high-sulfur gas field.This method incorporates the real-time data from the automatic pipeline leak monitoring systems and meteorological systems.Moreover,an emergency response/management system(ERMS)for high-sulfur gas field in northeastern Sichuan Basin is developed to effectively support the safe and efficient development of high-sulfur gas field.The findings are obtained in three aspects.First,the proposed method integrates real-time leak and meteorological data and achieves real-time computation of toxic gas diffusion by modifying the parameter file of the CALPUFF model and by generating a precise 3D wind field from topographic data.Second,the proposed method is suitable for simulation of small-scale emergency scenarios.The result of emergency-oriented toxic gas diffusion simulation aligns with the result of the EIA model.The proposed model can output compulational results within approximately 2 minutes,meeting the demand for real-time rapid calculations and dynamic simulations in case of on-site accidents.In conclusion,the real-time computational method based on atmospheric diffusion model and considering complex terrains and real-time monitoring ensures the realtime simulation of toxic gas diffusion,and the emergency response system i

关 键 词：四川盆地 高含硫气田 复杂地形 气体扩散模型 实时模拟 社区应急 数智化 

分 类 号：TE991.1[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]