类蒲叶结构聚乳酸熔喷非织造材料的制备及其性能  

Melt-blown process and structural characterization of bio-typha polylactic acid medical protective materials

作　　者：赵珂 张恒 程文胜 甄琪 步青云 崔景强 ZHAO Ke;ZHANG Heng;CHENG Wensheng;ZHEN Qi;BU Qingyun;CUI Jingqiang(College of Intelligent Textile and Fabric Electronics,Zhongyuan University of Technology,Zhengzhou,Henan 451191,China;Henan Tuoren Medical Device Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xinxiang,Henan 453400,China;College of Fashion Technology,Zhongyuan University of Technology,Zhengzhou,Henan 451191,China)

机构地区：[1]中原工学院智能纺织与织物电子学院,河南郑州451191 [2]河南驼人医疗器械研究院有限公司,河南新乡453400 [3]中原工学院智能服饰与服装学院,河南郑州451191

出　　处：《纺织学报》2025年第2期51-60,共10页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：河南省高校科技创新人才支持计划资助项目(24HASTIT011);河南省重大科技专项项目(231100320200);中原工学院优秀科技创新人才支持计划项目(K2023YXRC01);中原工学院学科骨干教师支持计划项目(GG202422)。

摘　　要：为解决无序结构聚乳酸(PLA)超细纤维材料医用防护性的不足,以石蜡(PW)共混改性PLA为原料,通过熔喷原位牵伸工艺制备了类蒲叶PLA超细纤维材料,并对其结构特征和医用防护性进行表征和测试。结果表明:所制备样品的纤维直径分布在1~8μm,取向角分布在-30°~30°的纤维占比为63.24%,表现出清晰的类蒲叶高定向结构;纤维直径小于3μm的超细纤维占比、取向角小于30°的定序分布和特征间距定性表征了类蒲叶高定向排列结构特征,所建立的类蒲叶结构参数随工艺参数变化的二次回归方程置信度为0.97;受益于类蒲叶结构的有效调控,滚动倾斜角度减小到32.38°,水接触角和耐静水压分别增大到155°和2597 Pa,满足国家标准的技术要求,为超细纤维医用防护材料的仿生结构设计和绿色化制备提供实施例。Objective Medical protective materials serve as the last defense line for the safety of medical and healthcare personnel.A densely packed micro-porous structure with high directional alignment plays a significant role in preventing the penetration of liquids.This paper reports a study on the structural design of the melt-blown microfibrous material inspired by the typha,and experimentally analyzes the lophotrichous structure parameters and medical protective performance of this material.The aim is to achieve a green and efficient medical protective material.Method In this study,we utilized polylactic acid(PLA)modified by paraffin wax(PW)blending as the primary material,and fabricated lophotrichous structural PLA microfibrous membranes via the in-situ drawing melt-blown process.Simultaneously,the sample structures were characterized using scanning electron microscopy.Additionally,we conducted experimental analyses on the medical protective performance using liquid contact angle measuring instrument,fully automatic hydrostatic pressure tester,and W3-type cup method water vapor permeability tester.Results In terms of micro-morphology,the PLA microfibrous fabrics exhibited a lophotrichous high-orientation structure along the direction of the stretching force.This structure provided orientation for liquid rolling on its surface.Moreover,an increase in the drafting ratios and the PW mass caused reduction in fiber diameter distribution and orientation angle distribution of the samples,providing a dense,porous structural foundation for easy liquid rolling on the surface.Concurrently,the characteristic parameters of the lophotrichous structure,such as the microfibers ratio,the oriented distribution,and feature spacing,were characterized by the features of PLA microfibrous fabrics with a fiber diameter less than 3μm and an orientation angle less than 30°.A quadratic regression equation was established to describe the variation of these lophotrichous structural parameters with process parameters which had a confidence lev

关 键 词：蒲叶 仿生结构 聚乳酸 熔喷 原位牵伸 医用防护 非织造 

分 类 号：TS174[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计] TS176[轻工技术与工程—纺织科学与工程]