聚酯纤维与聚乙烯/聚丙烯双组分纤维多孔吸声材料的制备及其性能  

Preparation and properties of porous sound absorption materials made from polyester/ethylene-propylene fibers

作　　者：王容容 周洲 冯祥 申莹 刘峰 邢剑 WANG Rongrong;ZHOU Zhou;FENG Xiang;SHEN Ying;LIU Feng;XING Jian(School of Textile and Garment,Anhui Polytechnic University,Wuhu,Anhui 241000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工程大学纺织服装学院,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《纺织学报》2025年第2期61-68,共8页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：安徽工程大学引进人才科研启动基金项目(022YQQ014);国家自然科学基金项目(2203114);大学生创新训练项目(S20221363229)。

摘　　要：针对噪声污染问题,以聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯纤维(PET)和聚乙烯/聚丙烯双组分纤维(ES)为原料,采用针刺工艺,结合热风黏合技术,制备PET/ES纤维多孔吸声非织造材料。借助扫描电子显微镜、毛细流孔径分析仪、电子织物强力仪、噪声振动测试系统对PET/ES纤维多孔吸声非织造材料结构形貌特征、孔径及其分布、力学性能和吸声性能进行表征。结果表明:所制备的吸声材料孔隙率最高可达91.22%,且随着热风黏合温度和黏合时间的增加,吸声材料的力学性能显著提升,相较于热加固前提升了2044%;此外,PET/ES纤维的配比和喂入量对材料的吸声系数有显著影响;ES纤维混入比例较低时材料对低频呈现较好的吸声系数,随着ES纤维含量增加可显著提升材料对高频段的吸声系数。Objective Noise pollution is listed as one of the four major pollutants in the world,along with water pollution,air pollution,and solid waste pollution,which seriously endangers human health.Therefore,it is of great importance to study sound absorption materials with simple processes and universal applicability.PET/ES fiber porous sound absorption nonwoven materials were prepared by using polyethylene terephthalate fiber(PET)and polyethylene/polypropylene bicomponent fiber(ES)as raw materials,using the needling process in combination with hot air bonding technology.Method PET and ES fibers of different ratios(9∶1,8∶2,7∶3,6∶4,5∶5 for PET/ES fibers)were mixed,and the fibers were weighed in different qualities(20 g,40 g,60 g,80 g,100 g),and the fibers were opened,carded,and then needled to obtain the PET/ES composite fiber mesh.The PET/ES composite fiber porous sound absorption nonwoven material was prepared by the hot air bonding with regulated hot melt temperature(135℃and 145℃)and bonding time(10,20,and 30 min).With a scanning electron microscope,pore size analyzer,electronic fabric strength machine,and noise vibration test system,the morphological characteristics,pore size and its distribution,mechanical properties,and sound absorption properties of the PET/ES fiber porous sound absorption nonwoven materials were characterized.Results PET and ES fibers had good microscopic morphology,no obvious cross-linking between fibers,and the distribution of fiber diameters was more concentrated.The melting point of PET fibers was at 250℃,and the ES fibers had two melting points at 129℃and 160℃,respectively,which indicated that in the ES fibers with the skin-core structure the polyethylene fibers(PE)were on the surface layer and polypropylene fibers(PP)were in the core layer.The mechanical properties of the sound absorption materials were significantly improved with the increase of hot air bonding temperature and bonding time(2044%compared to the pre-hot reinforcement).The prepared sound absorption materi

关 键 词：聚酯纤维 聚乙烯/聚丙烯双组分纤维 多孔结构 非织造材料 吸声性能 热风黏合工艺 

分 类 号：TS174[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]