异形针织间隔结构界面太阳能蒸汽发生器的制备及其性能  

Preparation and properties of interfacial solar steam generators with special-shaped spacer knitted structures

作　　者：齐路漫 孟家光 余灵婕 支超 QI Luman;MENG Jiaguang;YU Lingjie;ZHI Chao(School of Textile Science and Engineering,Xi′an Polytechnic University,Xi′an,Shaanxi 710048,China;Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product,Ministry of Education,Xi′an,Shaanxi 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工程大学纺织科学与工程学院,陕西西安710048 [2]功能性纺织材料及制品教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《纺织学报》2025年第2期122-129,共8页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51903199);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2023-YBGY-490);中国纺织工业联合会应用基础研究计划项目(J202405);陕西省创新能力支撑计划项目(2022KJXX-40);陕西省教育厅科研计划项目(22JK0394)。

摘　　要：为进一步提升界面太阳能蒸汽发生器的蒸发性能,基于针织间隔织物的可设计性,使用石墨烯/碳纳米管包覆涤纶复合纤维编织光热蒸发层,涤纶长丝编织漂浮层,利用二维编织技术制备的间隔纱将光热蒸发层和漂浮层连接,制备出一种自漂浮纬编异形间隔织物界面太阳能蒸汽发生器,并对其输水性能、光吸收性能、蒸发性能、废水处理性能等进行了研究。结果表明:间隔纱的液体传输速度为1 cm/min,能够实现水分的快速传输;制备的蒸发器可以在无光照条件下漂浮900 s,蒸发器在紫外-可见-近红外光区域的光吸收率高达96%,蒸发速率在1 kW/m^(2)光照条件下为1.80 kg/(m^(2)·h),蒸发效率高达95.73%,即使在质量分数为15%的氯化钠溶液中蒸发效率依然可以达到1.51 kg/(m^(2)·h)。Objective The interface solar steam generator(ISSG)has received widespread attention as a novel,sustainable water resource acquisition method with low energy consumption,low cost,and environmental friendliness.Among them,the ISSG based on textile production technologies such as weaving,knitting,and non-woven offers advantages of low cost and industrialization readiness.By designing a special knitted spacer structure to integrate the photothermal evaporation layer,water supply structure,and floating layer through weaving in 2-D or 3-D forms,it is expected to achieve a good combination of high-efficiency light absorption and conversion,rapid and stable water supply,and excellent thermal management,thereby effectively enhancing the evaporation performance of the ISSG.Method Based on the designability of knitted spacer fabrics,the photothermal evaporation layer was knitted with polyester composite fibers covered by graphene/carbon nanotubes,and the floating layer was woven with polyester filament.The spacer yarn prepared by two-dimensional knitting technology on KBL-24-2-90 high-speed knitting machine was used to connect the photothermal evaporation layer and the floating layer.A self-floating weft knitted profiled spacer fabric interface solar steam generator(SWF)was prepared on MN-TYPE knitting machine generator.The water transfer performance,light absorption performance,evaporation performance and wastewater treatment performance were studied and analyzed.Results Through the water transfer experiment of the spacer yarn prepared by two-dimensional knitting technology,it was found that the liquid transmission speed of the spacer yarn was 1 cm/min,and the results showed that the spacer yarn could achieve rapid moisture transfer.The SWF evaporator was able to run without light for 900 seconds,and the light absorption rate in the UV-visible to near-infrared light region was as high as 96%.The SWF evaporation performance was tested using a simulated light source consisting of an AM 1.5 filter and an xenon lamp,with an e

关 键 词：间隔织物 光热转化 太阳能蒸发 海水淡化 废水净化 

分 类 号：TS184.4[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]