图案化耐久水性聚氨酯/碳纳米管涂层多功能抗静电复合织物的高效经济制备  

Efficient and economical preparation of patterned durable waterborne polyurethane/carbon nanotube multifunctional antistatic composite fabrics

作　　者：张喆[1] 王瑞[1] 蔡涛 ZHANG Zhe;WANG Rui;CAI Tao(School of Textile Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China;CTES Research Institute of Apparel and Accessories Industry of Shishi,Quanzhou,Fujian 362700,China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学纺织科学与工程学院,天津300387 [2]石狮市中纺学服装及配饰产业研究院,福建泉州362700

出　　处：《纺织学报》2025年第2期207-217,共11页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：天津市应用基础与前沿技术研究计划重点项目(15JCZDJC38400)。

摘　　要：为解决当前合成纤维织物静电严重问题,提出了一种经济高效的多功能抗静电复合织物的制备方法。首先,将碳纳米管分散液添加到水性聚氨酯中制备了抗静电浆料,并采用响应面法以电阻最小为目标优化得到了浆料的最优制备工艺为:增稠剂质量分数0.63%、慢干剂质量分数2.5%、碳纳米管质量分数1.35%,以此工艺制备的涂层织物表面电阻低至4.5×10^(4)Ω。在此基础上,利用丝网印刷工艺设计制备了正方形、三角形和圆形的网格状印刷涂层织物。结果表明,网格状涂层织物的电荷面密度为2.5~2.8μC/cm^(2),5 kV外部电压下,峰值电压均在(0.2±0.03)kV,半衰期低至3.5 s,与整体涂层织物的测试结果相差较小,值得注意的是网格状涂层的面积仅为整体织物的50%。同时,经过25次模拟家庭水洗、砂纸摩擦以及pH值在1~14的溶液浸泡测试,复合织物仍具备优异的抗静电性能。该研究拓展了其在光热响应领域的应用,在氙灯模拟太阳光照射下,涂层表面温度高达72.84℃,并且具有优异的稳定性。Objective Synthetic fiber fabrics such as polyester and nylon are prone to severe static electricity issues.A comprehensive review of the current literature on fabric antistatic research and an understanding of commercially available antistatic materials reveals that the most effective method to combat static electricity is to enhance the electrical conductivity of the fibers or fabrics using materials with excellent conductive properties,thereby rapidly eliminating static electricity through leakage.The mainstream preparation techniques involve applying conductive materials to the fiber or fabric surface through methods such as padding,coating,and sputtering.However,these methods are associated with complex operations,high costs,and low material utilization rates.Therefore,this study aims to explore an efficient and cost-effective preparation process for antistatic composite fabrics.Method The preparation process of antistatic composite fabrics in this research was divided into two parts.In the first part,commercially available carbon nanotubes(CNTs)dispersion and waterborne polyurethane(WPU)were used to prepare antistatic paste through simple stirring and thickening.The process parameters of the paste were then optimized using the response surface methodology.Subsequently,precision screen printing meshes with various mesh structures were designed using AutoCAD software and applied to the fabric surface via simple screen printing,resulting in mesh-printed printed coated fabrics.Results The optimization of the paste making process using the response surface methodology took into consideration of the amounts of thickener(PTF),slow dryer(TPM),and carbon nanotubes(CNTs)as influencing factors,with the goal of minimizing the resistance of the coated fabric.The optimal preparation condition for the paste was determined to be PTF(0.63%),TPM(2.5%),and CNTs(1.35%).The surface resistivity of the coated fabric prepared with these parameters was as low as 4.5×10^(4)Ω,close to the theoretical value,indicating the practical

关 键 词：碳纳米管 丝网印刷 网格状涂层 抗静电织物 光热性能 

分 类 号：TS106.8[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]