“不可移动文物”“石刻”的概念界定及其相互关系——兼论南朝石刻文化遗产作为独立雕塑馆藏保护的现实可行性  

Defining the Concepts of"lmmovable Cultural Relics"and"Stone Carvings"and Their Relationship——A Discussion on the Practicability of Southern Dynasties Stone Carvings as Independent SculptureWorks

作　　者：杨祥民 

机构地区：[1]南京艺术学院紫金文创研究院

出　　处：《创意与设计》2025年第1期74-80,共7页Creation and Design

基　　金：紫金文创研究院课题(ZJWC2401Z);国家社科基金艺术学项目(21BF085);江苏省青蓝工程人才计划支持;南京艺术学院青年教师自主科研计划支持。

摘　　要：《中华人民共和国文物保护法》的现有条文中,对于什么是“不可移动文物”并无明确的概念界定。基于现实需要,对不可移动文物的合理移动、安置与保护,并不影响其作为不可移动文物的自身属性。目前文献中对“石刻”一词涵义的解释侧重于石刻文字而非石刻雕塑,不可移动文物一般不包括独立的单体雕塑艺术。南朝陵墓神道石刻中的石碑、石柱都属于文字突出的石刻,而大量石兽则属于造像突出的雕塑。由于当下所见南朝陵墓神道石刻的主要构成是南朝石兽造像,因此事实上大量“南朝石刻”已经等同于“南朝雕塑”,将其作为独立雕塑作品迁移和集中保护也更具有可行性。The concept of"immovable cultural relics"is not clearly defined in"Cultural Relics Protection Law of the People's Republic of China".Based on practical needs,the reasonable relocation,placement,and protection of immovable cultural relics dose not affect their inherent atribute as immovable cultural relics.Currently,the interpretation of the term"石刻"(stone carvings)in literature focuses on stone inscriptions rather than stone sculptures,and independent single-unit sculpture art is generally not included in immovable cultural relics.The stone tablets and stone pillars in Southern Dynasties tombs represent stone carvings with a focus on inscriptions,while a large number of stone beasts represent sculptures with a focus on imagery.Due to the prevalence of Southern Dynasties stone beasts in existing tomb spirit paths,in fact,a large number of"南朝石刻"(Southern Dynasty Stone Carvings)are equivalent to"南朝雕塑“(Southern Dynasty Sculptures),making it more feasible to relocate and concentrate protection efforts on them as independent sculptures.

关 键 词：不可移动文物 南朝石刻 石刻文字 石刻雕塑 

分 类 号：K87[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]