吸能构件阻力特性对液压立柱抗冲击特性影响研究  

Influence of resistance characteristics of energy⁃absorbing components on impact resistance of hydraulic columns

作　　者：张建卓[1] 万传旭 肖永惠 陈策 王涛 郭昊 ZHANG Jianzhuo;WAN Chuanxu;XIAO Yonghui;CHEN Ce;WANG Tao;GUO Hao(College of Mechanical Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,China;School of Physics,Liaoning University,Shenyang 110036,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学机械工程学院,辽宁阜新123000 [2]辽宁大学物理学院,沈阳110036

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2025年第4期217-228,共12页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3004605);国家自然科学青年基金项目(52104087)。

摘　　要：巷道冲击地压是一种高应力煤岩突然释放能量的动力灾害,支护装备往往受到过载冲击而失效致灾。为提高巷道液压支架的吸能抗冲能力,构建顶板来压作用下立柱-吸能构件耦合冲击模型,揭示吸能构件与立柱耦合作用下吸能构件最优阻力模式,以液压立柱乳化液压力最大波动幅值、立柱缸筒应力峰值、吸能量为评价指标,分析单吸能构件、组合吸能构件阻力特性对立柱抗冲击性能的影响。结果表明,增阻模式是巷道液压支架吸能构件的最优阻力模式:在立柱底端安装增阻吸能构件,其吸能量相比安装恒阻吸能构件增加9.29%,且不增大缸筒应力峰值,同时,可以降低大能量冲击过程中硬撞击产生的冲击力;立柱上、下两端安装增阻吸能构件,相比上、下两端安装恒阻吸能构件,乳化液压力最大波动幅值降低9.79%,缸筒内壁应力峰值降低了13.83 MPa,吸能量增加5.65%。研究成果为巷道防冲液压支架吸能构件的设计提供了理论依据。Rock burst in roadway is a kind of dynamic disaster caused by sudden release of energy from high stress coal rock.Supporting equipment is often damaged by overload impact.In order to improve the energy absorption and impact resistance of the roadway hydraulic support,in this paper,a coupling impact model of the column⁃energy absorbing component under the action of roof pressure was constructed,and the optimal resistance mode of the energy absorbing component under the coupling effect of the energy absorbing component and the column was revealed.The maximum fluctuation amplitude of the emulsion pressure of the hydraulic column,the peak stress of the column cylinder and the energy absorption were used as evaluation indexes to analyze the influence of the resistance characteristics of the single and combined energy absorbing components on the impact resistance of the column.The results show that the resistance⁃increasing mode is the optimal resistance mode for the energy⁃absorbing components of the roadway hydraulic support.Compared with the constant resistance energy⁃absorbing component installed at the bottom of the column,the energy absorption of the resistance⁃increasing energy⁃absorbing component installed at the bottom of the column increases by 9.29%,and does not increase the peak stress of the cylinder.At the same time,it can reduce the impact force generated by hard impact in the process of large energy impact;compared with the constant resistance energy absorption components installed at the upper and lower ends of the column,the maximum fluctuation amplitude of the emulsion pressure reduces by 9.79%,the peak stress of the inner wall of the cylinder reduces by 13.83 MPa,and the energy absorption increases by 5.65%.The research results provide theoretical basis for the design of energy absorption components of roadway anti⁃scour hydraulic support.

关 键 词：吸能防冲立柱 吸能构件 阻力特性 耦合冲击 组合吸能 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]