一座调水型水库热带甲壳类浮游动物物种和功能多样性的季节变化  

Seasonal changes in species and functional diversities of tropical crustaceanzooplankton in a water-pumped reservoir,South China

作　　者：陈姝[1] 佟立辉 陈晨咏 李耀开 万凌琳[1] 黄琦 CHEN Shu;TONG Lihui;CHEN Chenyong;LI Yaokai;WAN Linglin;HUANG Qi(Department of Ecology,Jinan University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510632,China;Yuehai Water Resources Engineering Research Center(Guangdong)Co.,LTD,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518018,China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学生态系,广东广州510632 [2]粤海水资源工程研究中心(广东)有限公司,广东深圳518018

出　　处：《贵州师范大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期25-32,共8页Journal of Guizhou Normal University:Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32171538);粤海水务水库水质改善与保护项目(CF87202400004)。

摘　　要：以华南地区一座热带水库甲壳类浮游动物为研究对象,分析甲壳类浮游动物物种、性状组成和两者多样性的季节变化特征,识别影响物种与功能多样性季节变化的主要因素。该水库为调水型水库,在物种组成上具有典型的热带湖沼学特点。于2022年8月—2024年7月逐月对该水库敞水区甲壳类浮游动物群落及环境因子进行采集和检测。结果显示:甲壳类浮游动物共检出17种,主要的优势类群为桡足类幼体、温中剑水蚤、奥氏秀体溞、微型裸腹溞、理查德薄皮溞、脆弱象鼻溞;物种数量和多样性没有明显的季节变化,但物种和性状组成存在较大的季节差异;从丰水期到枯水期,甲壳类浮游动物群落由个体小、游泳能力强的类群占优势转变为个体大游泳能力弱的类群占优势,由滤食的植食性类群占优势转变为悬停型的杂食性类群占优势;在丰水期和枯水期,甲壳类群落具有不同的调控因素;丰水期功能多样性(FRic)主要与鱼类的捕食相关,枯水期物种多样性(True Simpson)和功能多样性(FDis)主要与食物资源的可利用性相关。可见,物种组成和功能多样性的季节差异是由温度驱动的食物资源和鱼类捕食的变化所导致的。The present study focuses on crustacean zooplankton in a tropical reservoir in South China.To reveal the seasonal variation of the crustacean community,we investigated species composition,functional trait composition,and species and trait diversities to explored the factors influencing the species and functional diversity in seasonal changes.The reservoir is used for supplying drinking water by pumping water from a near river,and has typical tropical limnological features in biological communities.From August 2022 to July 2024,pelagic crustaceans and environmental variables were sampled and monitored in the center of this reservoir.A total of 17 crustacean species were identified.The dominant groups were copepod nauplii,Thermocyclops oithonoides,Diaphanosoma orghidani,Moina micrura,Leptodora richardi,and Bosmina fatalis.Although species richness less changed over seasons,there were significant seasonal differences in both specific and functional compositions.From the wet(flooding)to the dry seasons,the dominance groups of crustacean community shifted from the small-sized and highly mobile groups to the large-sized and less mobile groups,and from filter feeding to stationary suspension and omnivorous groups.There were different regulatory factors in the crustacean community during the wet season and the dry season.The functional diversity(FRic)during the wet season was highly associated with the predation pressure of fish,while the species diversity(True Simpson)and functional diversity(FDis)during the dry season were mainly associated with the availability of food resources.The seasonal differences in species and functional diversities were resulted from the changes in food resources and fish predation driven by temperature.

关 键 词：甲壳类 多样性 功能性状 功能组成 季节变化 

分 类 号：Q145[生物学—生态学]