广东省3种岭南道地药材野生植物资源现状及分析  

Current Status and Analysis of Wild Resources of Three Lingnan Authentic Medicinal Plants in Guangdong

作　　者：缪绅裕[1] Miao Shenyu(School of Life Sciences,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广州大学生命科学学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《绿色科技》2025年第1期70-75,共6页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：广东省科技计划公益研究与能力建设专项资助项目(编号:2018B030320007)。

摘　　要：采用样线法对广东省68个自然保护地的砂仁(Amomum villosum Lour)、土沉香[Aquilaria sinensis(Lour)Spreng.]和何首乌(Pleuropterus multiflorus)资源进行了野外调查,以期为这3种岭南道地药材的野生植物资源的保护和可持续利用提供参考。结果表明:砂仁自然分布区狭窄,仅在4个自然保护地11处生境记录到664株,其中广东阳春百涌省级自然保护区种群最大(占71.5%);与之相邻的广东茂名林洲顶鳄蜥省级自然保护区次之(占19.0%)。土沉香分布范围虽相对较广,但均是零星分布,在27个自然保护地的63处生境记录到122株,其中深圳市各区和博罗县罗浮山数量相对较大;何首乌在8个自然保护地的43处生境记录到172株,其中广东清新白湾省级自然保护区(石灰岩地区)数量最多(占65.1%)。3种岭南道地药材的野生植物资源均较为稀缺,应采取就地保护、人工繁殖等措施,以扩大其种群规模,有利于其生存和发展。The resources of Amomumvillosum Lour.,Aquilariasinensisand Pleuropterusmultiflorusin 68 protec-ted areas of Guangdong Province were investigated by using line transversal method in order to provide scientific basis for the conservation and sustainable utilization of the wild plant resources of these three kinds of Lingnan genuine medicinal materials.The results showed that the natural distribution area of AmomumvillosumLour.was narrow,and only 644 individuals were recorded in 11 sites in 4 nature reserves,among which Baiyong,Yangchun had the largest population(accounting for 71.5%).The adjacent Linzhouding,Maoming was the second largest(19.0%).Although the distribution range of Aquilariasinensis(Lour.)Spreng is relative wide,all of them are spo-radically distributed.122 individuals have been recorded in 63 sites in 27 nature reserves,among which the num-ber of A.sinensisin various districts of Shenzhen and Luofushan,Boluo is relatively large.For Pleuropterusmulti-florus,a total of 172 individuals were recorded in 43 sites in 8 nature reserves,of which the largest number(65.1%)was found in Baiwan,Qingxin(limestone area).On the whole,the wild plant resources of the three Lingnan authentic medicinal materials are scarce,and it is necessary to strengthen in situ conservation and artificial propa-gation to expand their population size and facilitate their survival and development.

关 键 词：砂仁 土沉香 何首乌 

分 类 号：Q948.15[生物学—植物学]